DRUGS TO TREAT CANCERS & DRUGS TO TREAT NAUSEA AND VOMITING OBJECTIVES 1. State the rationale for the use of antineoplastic agents in the treatment of cancer. Antineoplastic agents (cell cycle specific or cell cycle nonspecific) target rapidly growing cells – malignant cells rapidly divide (uncontrolled growth) and are unable to repair DNA damage. Also used as adjuvant for post-excision of tumor to prevent recurrence of cancer. 2. Outline the phases of the cell division cycle. G0 Phase:
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Pharmacology comprises of different areas‚ but the two chief areas include pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Pharmacodynamics studies the impacts of the drugs on living organisms‚ and pharmacokinetics studies the impacts of living organisms on the drugs. In general‚ pharmacokinetics studies the excretion‚ metabolism‚ distribution‚ and absorption of chemicals from the living organisms‚ while pharmacodynamics studies the biological receptors with chemicals. Even though pharmacy and pharmaceuticals
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chemical processes‚ which is utilized for diagnosis‚ prevention and cure of an unwanted health condition ( by FDA) 3. Name and Define two main subdivisions of pharmacology Pharmacokinetic: Absorption‚ Distribution‚ Metabolism‚ Excretion Pharmacodynamics: Pharmacological effects of drug; Mechanism of action Chapter 2 1. Pharmacokinetics Pharmacokinetics is the study of the kinetics of drug. (absorption‚ distribution‚ metabolism and excretion) 2. Ion trapping Cell membranes
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Bortezomib followed irinotecan on coadministration days in Cycle 1 and Cycles 3 through 8 but preceded irinotecan in Cycle 2 to assess the effect of administration sequence on bortezomib pharmacodynamics. RESULTS. Fifty-one enrolled patients with malignancies‚ including colorectal cancer (n ¼ 23 patients)‚ lung cancer (n ¼ 6 patients)‚ gastroesophageal cancer (n ¼ 6 patients)‚ and pancreatic cancer (n ¼ 3 patients)‚ received _1 dose of study
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Use of multiple medications in the same patients (Polypharmacy) nowadays is a common practice all over the world to treat chronic disorders like diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. These practices are acceptable to treat single and multiple disorders‚ which occur simultaneously. Polypharmacy sometimes unavoidable. Recently‚ the standard of healthcare in most chronic conditions achieved by given that multiple drug therapy. The comorbidities of diabetes usually contain hypertension‚ dyslipidemia
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described nearly a thousand different pharmacological treatments…and is often referred to as the ‘father of pharmacology’” (Schanger & Lauer 2001). Pharmacology is generally split into two main branches‚ pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics (Lapensee 2012). Pharmacodynamics is the study of what a drug
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to tracheal intubation of the patient. The monitoring was performed until spontaneous recovery of neuromuscular blockade. The timing of administration of the muscle relaxant was considered the zero time to the time count for the assessment of pharmacodynamic variables (VIBY MOGENSEN‚ et al.‚ 1996). The values of T1‚ T2‚ T3‚ T4 and TOF‚ plus the value of
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1. Which dosage forms are most appropriate for administering drugs to pediatric patients? Adults? The dosage forms that are the most appropriate for administering drugs to pediatric patients is chewable tablets which makes it much easier than trying to have the children swallow a pill and as well oral disintegrating capsules‚ suspensions or solution/syrups. For adults it is different because they can receive the drugs just about anyway as long as there is not any life threatening injuries obstructing
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extension of drug’s therapeutic effect. - Mainly owing to formation of unstable or reactive metabolites from abnormality of metabolism or excretion. - Leads to saturation of hepatic enzyme systems. - Drug- Drug interactions - Pharmacodynamic drug-drug interactions - Characterized as pharmacologic‚ physiologic‚ or chemical interactions‚ or drug-related receptor alterations. - Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions - Changes in plasma levels of a drug as a
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For the treatment of cancer most of the drugs currently available but they have limited therapeutic potential because they are very toxic‚ expensive‚ highly inappropriate action in treating cancer‚ or having so many side effects like granulocytopenia‚ agranulocytosis‚ lymphocytopenia‚ alopecia‚ carcinogenicity or secondary cancer especially leukaemias and hyperuricaemia etc. Curcumin is one such natural herbal medicine‚ derived from the extraction of dried rhizome of turmeric or Curcumin longa‚
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