The Synthesis of Alkenes: The Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Adam Ohnmacht CHEM 0330 Scott Caplan 10/30/12 Abstract: In Organic Chemistry‚ many different methods are used to synthesize organic compounds from various components. In this lab‚ cyclohexanol was dehydrated to cyclohexene through an elimination reaction. In order to separate the cyclohexene product from the cyclohexanol starting component‚ previously learned lab techniques such as extractions and simple distillation were used.
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We also looked for precipitants that were formed from the mixing of the different substances. We used barium nitrate‚ potassium hydroxide‚ sodium sulfate‚ magnesium nitrate‚ aluminum sulfate‚ and iron (III) chloride in set one. In set two we used potassium chloride‚ sodium hydroxide‚ magnesium nitrate‚ barium chloride‚ sodium sulfate‚ and magnesium sulfate. For each set‚ we mixed two drops of one compound in five wells of a spot plate. We then added two drops of all the other substances to the compound
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Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate Purpose: To verify the formula for copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate by measuring the amount of water decomposed from the hydrated species. MSDS: Copper sulfate pentahydrate- Harmful if swallowed. Causes skin irritation‚ causes serious eye irritation. Very toxic to aquatic life with long effects. If copper sulfate stays in the stomach‚ the victim becomes unconscious. The symptoms of poisoning include diarrhea‚ headache and injury to vital organs. Background: 1
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EPSOM SALT TO IMPROVE YOUR HEALTH We all deal with health problems. It doesn’t matter what stage of life you are in‚ Epsom salt can help you improve your health. I can promise that you’ll find something on this list that can help you improve your health; in fact‚ I’m sure there will be several things. Ease Stress From research and several studies‚ we have learned that when the body is stressed‚ it actually has low levels of magnesium and extremely high adrenaline levels. If you take a bath
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injections. The following design attempts to maximize the production rate of a 2M sodium sulfate solution to 2000 gallons/day without compromising the purity required by the FDA of the solution. The design minimizes the quantity of moving parts using a single Mark III (Rev. Vane) 1K3*2-62‚ 4 ¼"‚ 1150 RPM pump to deliver the ultra pure water to the mixer and serve as an agitator when a specified amount of sodium sulfate decahydrate is inserted. The water purification system consists of a Culligan® Reverse
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Title: Preparation of magnesium sulphate. Date:11.02.2010 Aim: To prepare magnesium sulphate Theory: Magnesium sulfate (or magnesium sulphate) is a chemical compound containing magnesium‚ sulfur and oxygen‚ with the formula MgSO4. In its hydrated form the pH is 6.0 (5.5 to 6.5). It is often encountered as the heptahydrate‚ MgSO4·7H2O‚ commonly called Epsom salt. Anhydrous magnesium sulfate is used as a drying agent. Since the anhydrous form is hygroscopic (readily absorbs water from the air) and is
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Drying the organic solvent. The organic solvent containing the neutral compound contains some dissolved water. If the solvent were evaporated at this point‚ the resulting solid neutral compound would be wet with water and would consequently be a gooey mess and would take a long time to dry. A drying procedure is therefore necessary to remove all traces of water before the solvent is evaporated. This procedure consists of two steps: (1) thoroughly mixing the solution with saturated aqueous sodium
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powdery * Zinc Sulfate- White and powdery * Boiling Chips- Tiny‚ grey and rock like Experimental Observations: Barium Iodide used- .63g Zinc Sulfate used- .45g Boling Tube with 2 boiling chips- 41.52g Barium Iodide in solution with 2 mL of deionized water looks cloudy. Zinc Sulfate in solution with 2 mL of deionized water is clear. Barium Iodide solution mixed with Zinc Sulfate solution turns milky white. After first centrifugation‚ solution separates into Barium Sulfate precipitate and
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extracted from the funnel. Hydrochloric acid was added and extracted a second time. The organic extraction was returned to the funnel‚ and NaOH was added. The two layers were extracted‚ thus forming a third flask of compound. Anhydrous sodium sulfate was added to flask with the organic layer and set aside. The remaining two compounds were cooled in ice baths and then neutralized. Hydrochloric acid was added to the basic extract just beyond neutralization‚ and sodium hydroxide was added
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TWO-BASE EXTRACTION OF BENZOIC ACID‚ 2-NAPHTHOL‚ AND NAPHTHALENE FROM UNKNOWN SAMPLE # 131 Douglas G. Balmer (T.A. Mike Hall) Dr. Dailey Submitted 11 July 2007 Introduction: The purpose of this experiment was to separate a sample of benzoic acid‚ 2- naphthol‚ and naphthalene of unknown proportions using a two-base extraction method. The three components of the mixture will react differently to sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydroxide because each of the bases’ conjugate acids has a different
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