1 ABSTRACT Distillation is a process by which one liquid can be separated from another liquid‚ or a liquid from a nonvolatile solid. In this experiment‚ the distillations of cyclohexane and toluene mixture were carried out. The purpose of this experiment is to compare the efficiency of simple distillation versus fractional distillation for separation of a mixture of toluene and cyclohexane. The mixture was first separated using simple distillation. A simple distillation apparatus was set
Premium Distillation
Abstract In the following project we are discussing about distillation. The operation of the distillation is employed for the purification of liquids from non-volatile impurities. The liquid is heated to the vapor phase and then is collected and recondensed to give back the pure liquid .The non-volatile impurities are left behind in the flask. Here our main focus will be at the fractional distillation. It is the process in which we separate the different components of a mixture on the basis of the
Premium Distillation Petroleum Gas
DISTILLATION HISTORY • Distilling was used as early as 3500 BC in Mesopotamia where perfume makers had developed it as a technique for isolating the scented oils of flowers and plants‚ what we know as “attar”. • Around 1100 AD wine was first distilled to make spirit by Irish monks who travelled around Europe. • The results of distillation were considered to have magical powers and this led to alcohol being called “water of life” or “usige beatha” in Gaelic‚ “eau de vie” in French
Premium Alcoholic beverage Distillation Ethanol
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS * System: Ethanol – water * Feed rate: 225kmol/h * Feed composition: 28 mol% ethanol * Feed condition: 50% saturated liquid & 50% saturated vapor * 97% of ethanol recovery is required * Operating pressure: 1bar * Distillate composition: 81 mol% ethanol * Column type: Sieve tray column * Operating condition: 70% of flooding Applying material balance to the rectifying section (Eqn 01); V=L+D Applying material balance for the more volatile
Free Density Water Viscosity
Results | 9-11 | 6) Discussion | 12 | 7) Conclusion | 13-14 | 8) References | 15 | ABSTRACT This experiment is about steam distillation by using Dalton’s Law. The objectives of this experiment are to demonstrate a separation of a mixture by using steam distillation and next to prove that Dalton’ Law and ideal gas law are applicable in steam distillation. Dalton’s Law; While Ideal Gas Law; This experiment is conducted by placing 2mL of Turpentine and 15mL of water into
Free Gas Pressure Distillation
Experiment 2: Fractional Distillation of a Mixture of Two Unknowns Background: Boiling is a process familiar to anyone who has cooked pasta or brewed tea. As heat is applied to a pan of water‚ the temperature of the water increases until it reaches 100°C (212°F). At this temperature‚ additional heat causes the water to bubble vigorously as the liquid water is converted into gaseous water‚ or steam. Most organic liquids will behave in a similar fashion. On heating‚ the temperature of the liquid
Premium Distillation Vapor pressure
Steam Distillation 6.6.12 Aim: To isolate and extract citrol from lemongrass oil using steam distillation. Theory: Impure chemicals are usually purified using distillation‚ allowing the changes in boiling points to separate the substances. Chemicals with high boiling points decompose before reaching the temperature necessary for separation‚ leading to the invention of steam distillation. The contamination is separated at lower temperatures and allows the separation of chemicals from their
Premium Distillation
purpose of this experiment was to isolate the aromatic hydroxyl compound‚ eugenol from crushed cloves using steam distillation. After conducting the distillation‚ the expected two layers were not visible in the centrifuge tube. Subsequently‚ the extraction and evaporation did not produce the expected oil. This result is probably due to the collection of only water vapor during distillation. From another group’s data‚ 3.80% of the oil was recovered from the cloves in which the major component is eugenol
Premium Water Distillation Evaporation
1 Section 2 – 12:30 to 2:20 Distillation and Fractional Distillation Distillation and Fraction Distillations Purpose: The purpose of distillation is to purify a liquid. Distillations are use to purify contaminates out of water to obtain clean pure water‚ as well as‚ to separate mixtures of liquids into their individual components; e.g. methanol and water. Objective: Distill methanol from water using a simple distillation apparatus and fractional distillation apparatus to determine which
Premium Distillation
Principles of Distillation What is distillation? Simply‚ distillation is the process in which a liquid is vaporized (turned to steam)‚ recondensed (turned back into a liquid) and collected in a container. Nature uses a form of distillation to turn salt water (seawater) into fresh water (rain). Why do you use distillation to recycle waste solvents? Solvent-based waste contains volatile material (solvents) and non-volatile material (contaminants like paint‚ ink‚ grease‚ fiberglass‚ etc.). Many of the
Premium Distillation Evaporation Boiling point