an essential amino acid? It is not necessary in the diet. It must be supplied by the diet. It can be made from fat in the body. It can be made from glucose in the body. Question 3 of 30 Which of the following describes a process in protein synthesis? The code to make a protein is carried by a strand of messenger RNA. The final step in completing the protein is carried out in the mitochondria. The function of transfer RNA is to assist in absorption of amino acids into the cell
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synthesis in your own words‚ including the roles of mRNA and tRNA. You MUST include diagrams to aid in your explanations Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)‚ which is like DNA has a unique code that is in a number of different patterns‚ which engages in the sending messages to the structures within the cell. Transfer Ribonucleic Acid (tRNA) is a nucleic acid‚ which is involved in the process of protein synthesis inside the cell. When mRNA is in the cytoplasm of the cell the ribosome in the cell attaches
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structure of amino acids | |Essential amino acids‚ peptides‚ peptide bond‚ hydrolysis | Composition Basic Structure of Amino Acids The protein molecule has a large complex structure. Each molecule is made up of smaller units called amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of the protein molecule. Amino acids are relatively
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molecular biology and genetics‚ translation is the third stage of protein biosynthesis (part of the overall process ofgene expression). In translation‚ messenger RNA (mRNA) produced by transcription is decoded by the ribosome to produce a specific amino acid chain‚ or polypeptide‚ that will later fold into an active protein. In bacteria‚ translation occurs in the cell’s cytoplasm‚ where the large and small subunits of the ribosome are located‚ and bind to the mRNA. In eukaryotes‚ translation occurs
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three of which are called anticodons‚ and one amino acid. The tRNA reads the code and carries the amino acid to be incorporated into the developing protein. Each amino acid is joined to the correct tRNA by a specific enzyme using the energy form an ATP molecule. Each tRNA molecules I used repeatedly‚ picking up its designated amino acid in the cytosol‚ depositing this cargo at the ribose‚ and then leaving the ribosome to pick up another amino acid. T Transfer RNAs are also used to recognize the
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PROTEIN TRANSLATION 1. Initiation Translation To begin translation: large and small ribosomal subunit‚ along with the initiating tRNA‚ assembles onto the mRNA 2. Translation Elongation The next amino acyl-tRNA enters the ribosome at the A site The amino acid at the P site is transferred to the tRNA at the A site. The ribosome moves one codon farther along the mRNA‚ releasing the empty tRNA through the E (exit) site. The A site is free for the next incoming RNA. The cycle is repeated as the
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proteins‚ and nucleic acids are common examples of macromolecules. 2. Illustrate a glycosidic‚ peptide and a phospho-diester bond. (a) Glycosidic bond is formed normally between carbon atoms‚ 1 and 4‚ of neighbouring monosaccharide units. (b) Peptide bond is a covalent bond that joins the two amino acids by – NH – CO linkage. (c) Phosphodiester bond is a strong covalent bond between phosphate and two sugar groups. Such bonds form the sugar phosphate backbone of nucleic acids. 3. What is meant
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Proteins are polymeric chains that are built from monomers called amino acids. All structural and functional properties of proteins derive from the chemical properties of the polypeptide chain. There are four levels of protein structural organization: primary‚ secondary‚ tertiary‚ and quaternary. Primary structure is defined as the linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. The secondary structure refers to certain regular geometric figures of the chain. Tertiary structure results from
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________________________ Internal Assessment Criteria Aspect 1 Aspect 2 Aspect 3 Total DCP CE Aim: The aim of this practical is to plot and investigate the pH titration curves for the titration of a strong acid with a strong base and of a weak acid with a strong base‚ and find Ka of the weak acid. Procedure: Part I 1. Pour 30 ml of the HCl solution of unknown concentration in a 100 ml beaker. 2. Add a stirring magnet. 3. Place the beaker on the magnetic heater and activate the rotating motor but not
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types of amino acids: 1) those with electrically charged side chains; 2) those with polar side chains; and 3) those with nonpolar side chains. A) True B) False2.All amino acids share a common “backbone”. Which chemical component (or components) is part of the backbone of an amino acid? A) An amino group (NH2) B) A carboxyl group (COOH) C) A hydrogen atom D) A central carbon atom that is commonly called an α-carbon atom E) All of the above3.Suppose that we link 100 amino acids together.
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