microscope as chromosomes. The nucleolus disappears. Centrioles begin moving to opposite ends of the cell and fibers extend from the centromeres. Some fibers cross the cell to form the mitotic spindle. METAPHASE = Spindle fibers align the chromosomes along the middle of the cell nucleus. This line is referred to as the metaphase plate. This organization helps to ensure that in the next phase‚ when the chromosomes are separated‚ each new nucleus will receive one copy of each chromosome. ANAPHASE
Premium Mitosis Cell cycle Chromosome
half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It enables organisms to reproduce sexually. Mitosis The production of two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell. Parent cell=haploid‚ daughter cell=haploid. Parent cell=diploid‚ daughter cell=diploid. Chromosome A structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells‚ which carry genetic information in the form of genes. Haploid The term used when a cell has only one set of chromosomes. Diploid The
Premium DNA Gene Genetics
most frequently occurring chromosomal abnormalities found in humans effecting people of all ages‚ races and economic levels. It is a chromosomal anomaly in cell development that results in a person being born with forty-seven chromosomes instead of the normal forty-six chromosomes. People with Down syndrome may have mild to severe learning disabilities and physical symptoms‚ which include a small skull‚ extra folds of skin under the eyes‚ and a protruding tongue. Roughly one out of every one thousand
Premium Down syndrome Chromosomes Cytogenetics
for #1: The arrangement of chromosomes in the diagram below is known as a karyotype. [pic] If the chromosomes of a female were arranged like the chromosomes of this male‚ which of the following would be true when the two karyotypes were compared? They would be identical (contain the same number and types of chromosomes) The karyotype of the male would contain one additional chromosome The karyotype of the female would contain one-half the number of chromosomes Karyotypes would appear different
Premium DNA Gene Chromosome
Evolution‚ Genes & the Environment Variation is when you refer to genes; it means that there is a large variety of phenotypes‚ alleles and genotypes which can sometimes cause genetic variation. This results in different physical characteristics. Some examples of variations in humans are eye colour‚ hair colour and gender. Variations caused by the environment are the climate (tanned/pale skin) this is affected by the environment as the sun comes in contact with your skin and will darken it‚ the
Premium DNA Gene Genetics
Diversity exists because in meiosis there are possibilities of recombination of chromosomes and independent assortment. Randomness occurs when chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate and crossing over of tetrads occurs (McGraw-Hill). When chromosomes experience crossing over‚ many combinations of different genes can occur which can lead to offspring that have different appearances. “Independent assortment produces chromosome combinations that are not present in either parent” (McGraw-Hill). The number
Premium Allele Gene Zygosity
affected by genetic disorders every day. Abnormalities in one’s DNA are what cause a genetic disorder. These disorders could be as little as a mutation in a single gene. In another case‚ they could be as severe as having an extra chromosome‚ or taking away a chromosome. Genetic disorders are present from birth‚ but they may not be visibly seen until a later age. Some mutations could be heritable‚ or from your parents genes. Some forms of cancer can be inherited form a parent. Although‚ in most
Premium Genetics Gene DNA
facilitated diffusion 8. Particles too large to pass through protein channels in the cell membrane may enter the cell by: A. exocytosis B. selective transport C. endocytosis D. osmotic pressure 9. During mitosis: A. chromosomes are copied B. chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell C. cytoplasm divides in half D. a new cell wall forms in the center of
Premium Cell Cell membrane Bacteria
inherited disease that causes progressive damage to the nervous system resulting in things like gait disturbance‚ speech problems‚ heart disease and diabetes. Friedreich’s ataxia is caused by a defect in a gene called Frataxin‚ which is located on chromosome 9. The changes in this gene cause the body to produce too much trinucleotide repeat (GAA). This mutation causes gene silencing through induction of a heterochromatin structure in a manner similar to position-effect variegation. Normally‚ the body
Premium Genetic disorder Genetics Disease
organs of both sexes in a single individual’s body. Normal egg cells form after meiosis and are haploid‚ with half as many chromosomes as their mother’s body cells. Haploid individuals‚ however‚ are usually non-viable‚ and parthenogenetic offspring usually have the diploid chromosome number. Depending on the mechanism involved in restoring the diploid number of chromosomes‚ parthenogenetic offspring may have anywhere between all and half of the mother’s alleles. The offspring having all of the mother’s
Premium Reproduction Chromosome Meiosis