integrated Europe The Economic Community 1960s: De Gaulle and the “empty chair crisis” 1970s: Eurosclerosis 1980s: A new direction for Europe The Maastricht Treaty Further enlargement and the Treaty of Amsterdam The Treaty of Nice The Failed Constitution and the Lisbon Treaty Enlargement to 25 –and then 27 II. INSTITUTIONS The Commission The Council of Ministers The European Parliament The European Council The European
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What is the single market? Establishment of Free market Pros - single monetary value Cons - Race to the bottom shittier stuff How did the EU use regulatory policy - Only UCB can set interest rate Types of economic policies Deregulator policy - beer is beer Expenditure Policy - How states spend money and EU spends its own money Macroeconomic Policy - Monetary policies go ounder Macro Normative approach - take from rich to give to the poor‚ don’t want more environmental policy Expenditure
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The constitution Constitution - Set of rules to establish powers and functions of institutions of gvt – specifically exec‚ leg‚ judic – second function to define relationship between individual and state – extent of liberty – codified (USA where con becomes sovereign) and uncodified (UK with sovereignty elsewhere) – federal (UK) and unitary (USA) Codified constitution – often result of revolutionary change 1. Authoritative so constitutes “higher law” – has sovereignty and binds gvt institutions
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power was devolved a year after the referendum. However some argue that Britain’s uncodified constitution lacks clarity as it doesn’t exist in one clear document. Instead it consists of some written documents such as statues‚ court judgements and treaties but also conventions. Therefore by having a codified constitution‚ it would raise public awareness and the British public would understand their rights better. Furthermore it has been suggested that it could improve the problem of political ignorance
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international law get made? Customary law Law of diplomatic immunity codified in the Vienna Convention of Diplomatic Relations in 1961 Crimes against humanity codified in the Rome Statue of International Criminal Court in 2002 International treaties Treaties made by states in order to find a solution to a problem Dimensions of international law 1. Obligation- the degree to which agents are legally bound by a rule a. High obligation laws b. Low obligation laws b.i. Ex. Encouraging states to
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Plan: European Economic Cooperation. The plan provides know-how on financial aid and economic liberalization & integration of countries in Europe. 1952 Treaty of Paris: The European Coal and Steel Community is established by six founding members (Belgium‚ France‚ Italy‚ Luxembourg‚ Netherlands and Federal West Republic of Germany) 1957 Treaty of Rome: European Economic Community (common market between founding member estates)+ European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom). 1968 Abolition of customs
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S. (2005) Why is there a Democratic Deficit in the European Union: A Response to Majone and Moravcsik. JCSM‚ Volume 44‚ No. 3 pp. 534 – 537. Finnan‚ D. What is the Lisbon Treaty‚ and What does it do? Lisbon Treaty 2009. Retrieved on December 3‚ 2010. http://www.rfi.fr/actuen/articles/117/article_5261.asp Koern‚ S. (2009). Lisbon Treaty: Europe’s Slow-Moving Coup d ‘Etat. The Brussels Journal. Retrieved on December 3‚ 2010. http://www.brusselsjournal.com/node/4118 Lord‚ C. (n.d.) The Democratic Deficit
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Costa‚ it is primarily the law-making process of the EU itself that drives the debate on the perceived lack of democracy. Central to all of this is the complexity of the process that casts doubt upon its democratic legitimacy. Despite the Treaty of Lisbon (Lisbon) remedying much of the loathsome deficit‚ effort is still required as overwhelming flaws in the democratic legitimacy of the EU persist to which no single remedy is available. The most significant feature of the complexity of EU law-making
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Eurocentrism is a product of the era when Europe was the leader of the West and was also the dominant power in the world. That age is gone for America now occupies that position. Eurocentrism describes an attitude which affirms Europe as the cradle of world civilization. To Afrocentric scholars‚ Eurocentrism means “not only denial but appropriation of African’s rich intellectual and scientific legacy to mankind”. Eurocentrism puts the European as superior to all other peoples and the best example
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Introduction Considered to be one of the most advanced forms of regional economic integration‚ the European Union (EU) is an assemblage of 27 countries that share a common goal of mutual prosperity‚ cooperation and peace. There is no other such union in the world‚ although it in many ways serves as a model of integration that has so far has not been successfully replicated. Being part of the EU has many advantages and disadvantages for countries. The advantages include access to SEM; funds
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