easy and convenient to translate. Such segments of a text are known as units of translation. V.N.Komissarov uses the term “переводема” to refer to this notion. One of the foreign pioneers of the theory of translation J. Catford introduced the term ‘rank of translation’ in his book “A Linguistic Theory of Translation” (London 1965) which was used in a similar meaning. According to S.B. Tyulenev‚ the unit of translation should be termed translateme (транслатема) and defined as a combination of a linguistic
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Metaphor and translation: some implications of a cognitive approach ¨ Christina Schaffner* School of Languages and European Studies‚ Aston University‚ Aston Triangle‚ Birmingham B4 7ET‚ UK Received 5 June 2003; received in revised form 12 September 2003; accepted 8 October 2003 Abstract Metaphor has been widely discussed within the discipline of Translation Studies‚ predominantly with respect to translatability and transfer methods. It has been argued that metaphors can become a translation problem
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International Communication - term paper So‚ you wannabe a translator . Translation and Interpreting in International Communication Introduction As I was preparing to put my ideas in order and reflect upon what I was going to write for my essay on International Communication‚ I suddenly remembered the last lecture on the subject. It was about translating and interpreting‚ so I figured out that an essay on the translation challenges in today ’s world would be a great idea to write about.
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What is translation? Describe brief history of translation. Definitions of translation: * The process of translating words or text from one language into another: "Constantine’s translation of Arabic texts into Latin". * A written or spoken rendering of the meaning of a word‚ speech‚ book‚ or other text‚ in another language. Term translation refers to several meanings: * It refers to general subject field * The text that has been translated * process What is translation
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Translation as a social phenomena Translation Problems in Modern Russian Society The development of trade and industry has always given rise to changes in the evolution of communities‚ bringing about new social forms and stratification of society. This in its turn accelerated the appearance of businesses and factories‚ arrival of new professions‚ and urbanization. Since the times of Perestroika (which was started in 1989 by Mikhail Gorbatchev) Russian society has been experiencing dramatic
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Theories of Translation 1.Introduction Translation‚ oral or written‚ is probably as old as the spoken or written word. Throughout the ages‚ famous writers have tried their hand at ``the art of translating``. Translation is usually defined as the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by the means of an equivalent target-language text. It can be also described as an expression of a sense from one language to another as well as transmission of a written or spoken language
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adversity. Awaiting a Spanish invasion‚ in 1588 Queen Elizabeth I attempted to rally her troops assembled at Tilbury. To rouse their emotions and stir them to fight‚ the queen appealed to her troops’ sense of honor‚ duty‚ and patriotism. In order to gain the trust of her subjects and prove the strength of her resolve‚ Queen Elizabeth I uses powerfully vivid language and a myriad of stylistic techniques. One of the key elements in the development of Queen Elizabeth I’s purpose is her use of poignant
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On the Death of Princess Diana Famous Speech by Queen Elizabeth II September 9‚ 1997 Since last Sunday’s dreadful news we have seen‚ throughout Britain and around the world‚ an overwhelming expression of sadness at Diana’s death. We have all been trying in our different ways to cope. It is not easy to express a sense of loss‚ since the initial shock is often succeeded by a mixture of other feelings: disbelief‚ incomprehension‚ anger -- and concern for those who remain. We have all felt those
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Gender and Translation Accuracy Salar Manafi Anari[1] (Professor‚ Allameh Tabataba ’i University) Maliheh Ghodrati[2] (M.A. Graudate from Science and Research Campus‚ Islamic Azad University) Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the role of the gender of the translator on the accuracy of the translation‚ and to determine whether there is any difference between the translations done by female and male translators in terms of translation accuracy. Two English novels and
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OF TEXT TRANSLATION IN ADVERTISING Moskvitina A.V.‚ stud.‚ Superviser: Vakurina N.A. Tomsk Polytechnic University Modern mass media have triggered the distribution of the international advertizing activity. Nowadays‚ the translation of advertising has become not only necessary but also the daily phenomenon of life of the world community. Thus‚ the knowledge of theoretical bases of the process is not only an indispensable condition‚ but also the quality assurance of the translation.
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