ALLOY STEELS I. A. ALLOYING ELEMENTS Any metallic element added during the making of steel for the purpose of increasing corrosion resistance‚ hardness‚ or strength. The metals used most commonly as alloying elements in stainless steel include chromium‚ nickel‚ and molybdenum. Characteristic of alloying elements Very important elements for alloy steels are manganese‚ nickel‚ chromium‚ molybdenum‚ vanadium‚ tungsten‚ silicon‚ copper‚ cobalt and boron. All commercial steels contain 0‚3-0
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BIS CODE : INDIAN STANDARD for Structural Engineering IS: 800-1984 Code for practice for general construction in steel. SP6 (1) Handbook for structural steel sections. SP:6(5)-1980 Hand book for Cold formed‚ Light Gauge steel structures. SP:6(6)-1972 Handbook for application of plastic theory in design of steel structures. SP:6(4)-1969 Project & Construction Management for Large Industrial Projects. IS: 206 -1992 (4th Rev) Tee & strap hinges - Specification. IS: 459 -1992
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discovered. This microstructure was named by Bian’s colleageus at the United States Steel Corportion. At first microstructure of martensite and bainite seem similar‚ which had many aspects on their transformation of mechanisms. Microstructure of bainite seems to be darker than the mastenisite under a microscope. The reason behind bainite structure became useful was because of its hardness. There are few Heat treatments that steel can be tested by such as Annealing‚ quenching Harderning‚ and Normalizing.
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The Classification of Steel Ball There are two kinds of steel ball‚ casting steel ball and forging steel ball. Casting ball manufacturers mix scrap steel‚ scrap metal and other waste metals in intermediate frequency electric stove for heating so as to fully melting. Right amount precious metal alloy‚ such as ferrochrome‚ ferromanganese‚ vanadium iron are added in melting process. When temperature is above 1550 ℃‚ powering hot metal to the steel mold or mold steel ball production line. This kind
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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Field Of Research The field of research is to study the factors which affect the profitability of IRON AND STEEL industry‚ which is the most crucial element for the growth of any developed or developing economy. It acts as backbone of human civilisation. It is a product of a large and technologically complex industry having strong forward and backward linkages in terms of material flows and income generation. With regards to Indian Economy it is one of the most energy intensive
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Steel and heat treatment MILD STEEL Mild steel is also called plain carbon steel. It is the most common type of steel and it price is pretty low. Its composition is around about 0.05%-0.29% carbon content. Mild steel has a relatively low tensile strength but the surface can be hardened through carburizing. It is mostly used where large amounts of steel needs to be formed eg structural steel MEDIUM CARBON STEEL Medium carbon steel has great wear resistance and is used for forged automotive
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Ms Sanghamitra‚ R&D Refractory Department from TATA STEEL‚ Jamshedpur‚ gave a talk on “STEEL MAKING REFRACTORY”‚ on 12th September 2012 at 11:00 AM at Ceramic Engineering department. Process chart of TSL‚ INDIA was first addressed. So‚ it all starts with iron ores and fluxes (limestone) to be mixed and then pelletized in a sinter plant. At the same time‚ raw coal is processed to form coke in a coke plant and then sintered pellets along with coke are fed to a blast furnace. Hot metal is obtained
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above complex approach actually worked‚ over these four years? What was the outlook (as of the case date) for further progress in this matter? In 1975 Chaparral Steel commissioned minimill and started production. Minimills are different from traditional integrated steel plants. In minimill an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) is used for steel making purpose and in downstream long product is made using rolling mill. The advantage of minimill is it requires less capital investment and a good solution when
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Steel Making Methods | Advantages | Disadvantages | Basic Oxygen Furnaces | * Very high production rates and low residual element * Does not burn fuel | * Good efficiency requires large amount of pig iron to continue production. * Requires costly filtering process due to high levels of pollutants produced. * High refurbishing costs. * High dependence on blast furnace/coking. | Electric Arc Furnaces | * Minimal emissions/pollution. * Filtering of scrap not necessary. * Easy
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ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRY India Steel Industry Steel Companies in India The steel industry‚ in general‚ is on the upswing‚ due to strong growth in demand propelled particularly by the demand for steel in China. The world scenario coupled with strong domestic demand has benefited the Indian steel Industry. [pic][pic]During April-December 2004- 05‚ production of finished steel recorded a growth of 4 percent over the corresponding period of the previous year to reach 28.3 million tonnes
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