foundation on clayey soils and sandy soils should not exceed 40mm and 25 mm respectively. The maximum settlement should generally be limited to the following values: Raft foundation on clay – 65 to 100 mm. Raft foundation on sand – 40 to 65 mm. There are two methods for the design of raft foundations. They are: 1) Conventional Method 2) Soil Line Method. 1. Conventional Method Assumptions: 1. The soil pressure is assumed to be plane such that the centroid of the soil pressure coincides with
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Prevents Soil Erosion The soil is protected by vegetation in various ways; I) The leaves and the branches of trees break the force of rain‚ therefore reducing the breaking up of soil. II) The roots facilitate rainwater to soak in the soil. So as the water percolates underground there is a decrease in run-off. III) The roots hold the soil tightly preventing it from being washed away. c) Prevents Flooding Since the roots allow the water to penetrate into the soil‚ it
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Waukegan‚ Illinois and the Outboard Marine Corporation From the 1940s until the mid 1970s‚ the Outboard Marine Corporation was the economic heart and soul of a bustling northern suburb town of Waukegan. Employing more than 5‚000 workers at its peak and O.M.C was unchallenged in the community and O.M.C was allowed to do whatever they wanted as long as they continue to bring in prosperity to Waukegan. What they were allowed to do was dump millions of gallons to toxic sludge into lake Michigan
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the situation in most part of China. Except people along the Yangtze river‚ most part of China is dry and lack of water. Third‚ to prevent soil pollution‚ both farmers and industry need to take action. According to experts‚ the farmers’ use of pesticide and chemical fertilizers can cause pollution both to the soil and water. Some industries can cause soil pollution too if they discharge untreated water to the ground. Again chemical fertilizers and pesticides make agricultural production improve
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grubs. Japanese Beetles can severely damage your roses and other plants in your landscape because they feed on the leaves and can almost completely defoliate some plants. The white grubs ruin your lawn! They feed on the roots of the grass near the soil surface. The damage usually shows up when it’s hot and dry because without a good root system the grasses in your lawn will start dying. Damaged areas in your lawn feel spongy when you walk on the grass because of the tunneling that’s taking place
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other small stream. 7. Level of research already carried out on the proposed topic: A study was carried out to evaluate soil erosion by using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) with GIS at Sub Watershed of Lake Rawal (Satrameel) during 1989-96 Combining the RUSLE with GIS tools was found useful for estimating soil loss on small size watershed for soil conservation and land use planning. 8. Reasons/
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sow the seed in the middle of December. Cabbage will grow well on most well drained soil types. That means that water must not lay on the ground surface too long after the plants have been watered. Where this is the case‚ compost must be dug into the soil. Shallow soils on a hard rocky‚ clayey or lime layer‚ must be avoided. Cabbage takes up many plant nutrients from the soil. We put plant nutrients into the soil by digging compost and fertiliser into it. A great deal of organic plant food such as
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What is a soil profile? -A soil profile is a vertical section from the ground surface to the parent rock. Diagram of Typical Soil Profile 10 Points about Latosols or Lateritic Soils Latosols are soils rich in iron‚ alumina‚ or silica and are formed generally in wet woodlands under very humid climate and high temperatures. Characteristics: Low Humus‚ Heavy Leaching‚ Short Nutrient Cycle‚ Red Colour‚ Can support very Rich Vegetation‚ May have A Brick –Like Surface Sometimes.
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ml/l and 2.00 ml/l of water and Soil application at 0.25 ml/m‚ 0.50 ml/m‚ 0.75 ml/m‚ 1.00 ml/m‚ 1.25 ml/m‚ 1.50 ml/m‚ 2.00 ml/m of canopy radius and Control. Observations recorded revealed that application of paclobutrazol significantly influenced
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The Effects of Harmful Algal Blooms and Eutrophication Introduction Eutrophication‚ by definition‚ is a process where bodies of water receive excess nutrients that stimulate excessive plant growth. Eutrophication results from continuous pollution in the form of agricultural run-offs or sewage outflows. Fertilizers and sewage are both rich in nitrogen and phosphorus‚ which are both nutrients essential for plant growth. However‚ these nutrients are typically low in content in aquatic environments
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