1. Describe the major goals and methods of the ethnography of communication. 2. Discuss the interrelationships of gender and language in English speakers. 3. Outline the objectives‚ methodologies‚ and results of the sociolinguistic study of language and class. 4. Describe the main goals of conversation analysis‚ indicate what features of conversation support this approach and discuss any weaknesses of conversation analysis. 5. Summarize and critically evaluate the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
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In 2001 psychologist Richard Wiseman created LaughLab; a yearlong project to discover the funniest joke in the world. After analysing 40‚000 jokes that were rated over 1.5 million times‚ the project was finalised and the winning joke was announced. According to Wiseman and his team‚ the funniest joke in the world goes as follows: Two hunters are out in the woods when one of them collapses. He doesn’t seem to be breathing and his eyes are glazed. The other guy whips out his phone and calls the
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discourse analysis Discourse Analysis A discourse is behavioral unit. It is a set of utterances which constitute a recognizable speech event e.g. a conversation‚ a joke‚ a sermon‚ an interview etc. In its historical and etymological perspective the term is used in different perspectives e.g. Verbal communication. All this fine talk. Direct / indirect speech. To chat. In order to narrow down the range of possible meanings‚ the
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GRICE’S MAXIMS AND GOFFMAN’S FACE Grice’s Maxims There are four maxims in conversation‚ The maxim of quantity‚ The maxim of quality‚ The maxim of relation and The maxim of manner. 1) The maxim of quantity – This is where one tries to be as informative as one possibly can and gives as much information that is needed‚ and no more. E.g. – “Hey what’s up?” “Well first and all my legs are killing me so I had to go to the doctors at 6 in the morning to get them checked out‚ then I had to run all the
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8. Deixis. Exercises Directions After you have read Unit 8 you should be able to tackle the following questions to test your understanding of the main ideas raised in the unit. Provide a definition. 1 You should understand these terms and concepts from this unit: * Deictic words. – Is the word which takes some element of its meaning from the context. * (Deictics) context. - * Reported speech. – Used to communicate something that someone said. 2 What parts of speech can function
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Coulthard‚ M. (1996). An Introduction to Discourse Analysis. New York:Longman. 3.Stubbs‚ M. (1998). Discourse Analysis. The Sociolinguistic Analysis of NaturalLanguage. Oxford: Blackwell. 4.Thomas‚ J. (1995). Meaning in Interaction. An Introduction to Pragmatics. NewYork: Longaman.
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Another notion which helps speakers to manage longer stretches of spoken interaction is speech acts‚ a sequence of utterances “recognisable as a stock routine” in a given context or setting‚ where the pattern of exchanges is reasonably predictable (Arndt‚ et. al. 2000:70). Adjacency Pairs Adjacency pairs Schegloff and Sacks (1973) define adjacency pairs according to the characteristics of being adjacent; produced by different speakers; ordered as a first part and a second part; typed‚ so that
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Literature and Creativity in English Semester II 2014 Unit I Dr. Magda Introduction This course provides a lively introduction to stylistic‚ sociolinguistic and multimodal analysis. It draws on work in literature and performance studies as well as English language studies. This part of the course looks at texts designed for public consumption‚ including: poetry‚ plays and novels‚ picture books‚ performance art‚ eliterature‚ and adverts. What distinguishes some of these texts as
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Working Definitions: behabitives a kind of performative concerned roughly with reactions to behavior and with behavior towards others and designed to exhibit attitudes and feelings not concerned with motive‚ concerned with (?) expositives expositional performatives ; the main body of the utterance has generally or often the straightforward form of a statement‚ but there is an explicit performative verb at its head verdicitves: can be descriptive merely of a state of mind
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I. Introduction Communicative competence is a linguistic term for the ability not only to apply the grammatical rules of a language to form correct utterances‚ but also to know when to use these utterances appropriately. The term was coined by Dell Hymes in 1966‚ reacting against the inadequacy of Noam Chomsky’s distinction between competence and performance. Dell Hymes proposed the concept of communicative competence which claimed that a speaker can be able to produce grammatical sentences that
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