The Crusades were military expeditions planned and carried out by western European Christians. The crusades started around 1095. The purpose of these crusades was to overtake and gain control of the Holy Land from the Muslims. The Holy Land was Jerusalem and the Christians believed that gaining control of it was their fate. The pope would gather the people together and incite them. The origin of the crusades was a result of the expanding Turks in the middle east. These Turkish forces invaded Byzantium
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Who‚ or what‚ was responsible for the failure of the Third crusade? The third crusade was launched in 1189 due to the catastrophic defeat of Crusader forces at the Battle of the Hattin‚ in 1187‚ and the subsequent loss of Jerusalem. The news of this significant setback was‚ according to the chronicler Ernoul‚ so great that‚ Pope Urban died of grief when he heard the news. As a result‚ the newly elected Pope issued a Papal bull called the “Audita Tremendi” and in turn the three most powerful Christian
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practice simony—selling religious offices * Kings use lay investiture to appoint bishops * Reformers believe only the Church should appoint bishops Reform and Church Organization * Starting in the 1100s‚ popes reorganize the Church like a kingdom * Pope’s advisors make Church laws; diplomats travel throughout Europe * Church collects tithes; uses money to care for sick or poor New Religious orders * Dominican and Franciscan orders form * Friars in these orders vow poverty;
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The Holy Sepulcre in Jerusalem is the resting place for Jesus Christ after his death on the cross‚ and this is a common place for Christians to visit‚ with obvious reason. With this in mind‚ Christianity spread throughout the Middle East and Western Europe. Eventually‚ believers studied past Biblical events and geographic locations as practices of their faith and freedom. The Christian pilgrims went through many struggles in their visits to the Holy Land and Jerusalem. The Christian pilgrims
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was a quote once said by Saladin‚ sultan of Egypt‚ during a battle in the Third Crusade. The Crusades were a series of “holy wars” between the Christians and the Muslims to capture Jerusalem‚ the most holy city for both of the religions. The majority of the world now views Saladin as an evil villain who stole Jerusalem and crushed the helpless Christians victims; however‚ he was not only one of the most brilliant-minded military leaders in history‚ but also a charitable and merciful man. Saladin
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RICHARD THE LIONHEART vs. SALADIN THE THIRD CRUSADE TIM PARRY‚ JR. Chapman University 26 November 2003 HIST 306 DR. W. F. LEE Bibliography Reston‚ James. Warriors of God: Richard the Lionheart and Saladin in the Third Crusade. New York: Doubleday‚ 2001. Ballou‚ Robert O. The Portable World Bible. New York: Penguin Books‚ 1944. Tierney‚ Brian. Western Europe in the Middle Ages: 300-1475‚ Sixth Edition. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc.‚ 1999. INTRODUCTION OF SALADIN And
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Jerusalem is one of the oldest cities in the world located east of the Jordan River in the Judean Mountains and is a holy city to three of the world’s major religions- Judaism‚ Christianity‚ and Islam. It has drawn the continuous attention of the world community‚ especially among the adherents of the monotheistic religions mentioned‚ due to its religious centrality that has generated its historical and political significance. In order to understand the current outlook of the holy city in Islam‚ it
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still moved forth within their own boundaries. The First Crusade was a shining victory‚ taking Jerusalem out of Muslim control and achieving mass popularity with the people of Europe. Thanks to the achievement of the first Crusade‚ one of the results was the Templars‚ or Knights of the Temple‚ which created safe routes between Europe and the crusaders states and the defense of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Later results of the Crusades were extremely important to the longevity of the Europeans‚ even
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traveling pilgrims‚ who left Germany to visit the Holy Land. The founding of the hospital was funded by rich German brothers and knights‚ which was led by Duke Frederick Hohenstaufen‚ son of Frederick Barbarossa‚ Emperor of Germany. After the Jerusalem conquest of Saladin‚ this establishment was soon broken up due to the foul control of the retched Heathens. During the Third Crusade‚ German pilgrims from Bremen and Lübec and the Duke of Holstein established a temporary hospital under the besieged
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The Crusades were a series of religiously sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Western Christian Europe‚ particularly the Franks of France and the Holy Roman Empire. The specific crusades to restore Christian control of the Holy Land were fought over a period of nearly 200 years‚ between 1095 and 1291. There are several reasons for the Crusades‚ but the importance and relevance of some are debated by scholars even to this day. (NEW PARAGRAPH) In the Middle Ages‚ Christians considered
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