Biology Exam Review Unit One – Biochemistry What is an isotope? Isotope - An isotope is all atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons‚ but they may have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus. - This means that all atoms with the same atomic number can have different atomic masses. - Because they have the same number of protons and electrons‚ they behave exactly the same in chemical reactions. Radioisotope - The nuclei of some isotopes of an element are unstable
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positively charged nitrogen from nitric acid attaching it to the molecule. The nitrogen’s electrons are then kicked off on to the oxygen bearing a positive charge‚ creating water. This process formed an organic nitrate. Next‚ water is used to abstract hydrogen from the positively charged oxygen‚ forming hydronium. A carbonyl is formed as well as nitrogen dioxide gas. Simultaneously the oxygen separates itself from nitrogen dioxide by pushing its electrons onto the positively charged nitrogen. This forms
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Chemistry •Matter • • • States Properties Classification Chemistry is the study of the composition‚ properties and structure of matter. it is considered “the central science”; blending at one extreme into physics‚ mathematics‚ engineering and sometimes into earth and life Chemistry Is the study of the matter‚ its classification‚ composition‚ properties and structure; the changes it undergoes‚ the energy transformation that goes with the change‚ and the laws and principles governing such changes
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was recorded with the highest concentration of hydrogen ions‚ and tied with ‘Woolworths’ when left standing with the lid removed. These results were observed because when refrigerated the gas molecules in the soda water slow down and the bond between hydrogen ions becomes strong‚ enabling carbon dioxide to be released (Frederick‚ n.d.). Whereas when the soda water was warm or room temperature‚ the gas molecules inside it where active and broke the bonds of the H2O chain‚ which in turn released more
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also accounted for; we could test a number of well-known fuels (provided by the school) and contemplate their bonding attributes and components which they are composed of (all fuels are compounds‚ so they are made up of number of hydrocarbons‚ thus bonds are customary during combustion). The main emphasis of this experiment is to identify not only the energy potential emitted by the fuels in a given amount of time‚ but also to discover how and most importantly why every fuel releases the amount of
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hydride reagent such a NaBH4 or LiAlH4. The hydrogen is more electronegative than boron and aluminum giving it a negative charge. This causes the hydrogen to act like a hydride. This is important because it causes it causes it to be selective. A hydride has a negative charge so it will attack the positive carbon in a carbonyl group. This makes it more useful in synthesis reactions because if a molecule has a carbonyl group and carbon-carbon double bond‚ it will only attack the polar carbonyl group
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specific job‚ and they do not die‚ they are reused. For example‚ catalase is an enzyme found in almost all living cells that will break down hydrogen peroxide and turn it into water and oxygen. The breakdown of Hydrogen peroxide happens when it gets released from metabolism‚ and Materials: Yeast Solution 4 Test tubes Graduated cylinder 1 Bottle of Hydrogen peroxide Hydrochloric acid Hot water bath Ice Bath Test tube rack Test tube holder Safety: Wear goggles at all times during lab. When
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interesting chemical and physical properties; it can be found naturally in all three of its states. However its molecules are bonded together by hydrogen bonds‚ this raises its melting and boiling points‚ i.e. its boiling point would be -120¢ªC rather than 100¢ªC. Also because it contains slightly negatively charged oxygen atoms and slightly positively charged hydrogen atoms making it polar. <br> <br>Water has been called a universal solvent because of it polarity. This means it can easily ionise substances
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A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically‚ chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms‚ with no change to the nuclei (no change to the elements present)‚ and can often be described by a chemical equation. Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive
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February‚ 2011 Due Date: 9th February‚ 2011 Title: Analysis of the Elements present in Organic Compounds Aims: To test the presence of Carbon‚ Hydrogen‚ Oxygen‚ Nitrogen and Sulfur in Organic Compounds Introduction: Organic Compounds can be considered as any compound containing carbon atoms covalently bonded with other atoms‚ usually hydrogen. Other atoms may include oxygen‚ nitrogen‚ sulfur…etc. They can be found in nature‚ since “organic” means present in‚ or derived from‚ plants and animals
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