Notes on Final Exam: Practice Exams 1-4 are open for practice Final Exam consists of 100 questions Red scantron required Equal amount of questions from last 3 chapters covered. Wasn’t enough time to cover everything‚ so don’t JUST study this! DO NOT FORGET – Exam 4 due Monday at noon! Endocrine System Hormones: functions‚ where they’re secreted from‚ etc. Adrenal Glands: Cortex: Zona Glomerulosa mineralcorticoids - Aldosterone Zona Fasiculata glucocorticoids – Cortisol (synergist)
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Human Excretory System The human excretory system functions to remove waste from the human body. This system consists of specialized structures and capillary networks that assist in the excretory process. The human excretory system includes the kidney and its functional unit‚ the nephron. The excretory activity of the kidney is modulated by specialized hormones that regulate the amount of absorption within the nephron. Kidneys 1 ). They are bean-shaped organs located on either side of the backbone
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Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Hole’s Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology David Shier Jackie Butler Ricki Lewis Created by Lu Anne Clark Professor of Science‚ Lansing Community College Chapter 17 Lecture Outlines* *See PowerPoint image slides for all figures and tables pre-inserted into PowerPoint without notes”. 17 -1 Chapter 17 Urinary System 17 -2 CopyrightThe McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction
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failure. Some include bacterial infections and immune diseases. 12. What does glomerulonephritis result from? An immune response 13. Describe acute proliferative glomerulonephritis. It is an Increase in cellular components of the glomerulus‚ along with edema‚ oliguria‚ proteinuria and hematuria 14. What are the endocrine functions of the kidney? They are the activation of Vitamin D and production of erythropoietin. 15. What is a substance normally found in urine that
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Chapter 17 - Urinary System 17.1 Introduction (Fig. 17.1) A. The urinary system consists of two kidneys that filter the blood‚ two ureters‚ a urinary bladder‚ and a urethra to convey waste substances to the outside. 17.2 Kidneys (Fig. 17.2) A. The kidney is a reddish brown‚ bean-shaped organ 12 centimeters long; it is enclosed in a tough‚ fibrous capsule. B. Location of the Kidneys 1. The kidneys are positioned retroperitoneally on either side of the vertebral column between the twelfth
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P4: Explain the role of the kidney in the homeostatic control of water balance P5: Explain dysfunction in relation to water balance and possible treatments M3: Discuss dysfunction in relation to water balance and possible treatments D2: Analyse the impact on the human body of dysfunctions in relation to water balance For P4‚ I’m going to outline the physiological overview of the kidneys and then I am going to explain the renal system. Also I am going to explain the kidneys in more detail.
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Excretion Notes 4.2.1 (a) Define the term excretion (b) Explain the importance of removing metabolic wastes‚ including carbon dioxide and nitrogenous waste‚ from the body. Definitions: Excretion: “The removal of waste products of metabolism from the body”. Ingestion: “The intake of substances into the stomach”. Digestion: “The breakdown of molecules that are ingested from large molecules into small molecules”. Absorption: “The intake of those small molecules through the plasma membrane
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Excretory System Review Main Concepts: Describe the major gross anatomical structures of the excretory system. Kidneys: receive about 25% of the cardiac output; produce urine (a fluid containing water‚ ions‚ and small soluble compounds) Ureters: receive urine from the kidneys and conduct it to the urinary bladder. Urine movement involves a combo of gravity and the peristaltic contractions of smooth muscle in the walls of the ureters Urinary Bladder: receives and stores urine prior to elimination
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Excretion in Humans Excretion is the removal of toxic materials‚ the waste products of metabolism and substance in excess of requirements from organisms. Metabolism is chemical reactions taking place inside cells‚ including respiration. The body excretes three main waste materials. These are Carbon Dioxide‚ Urea and Water. Excretion is a very important feature to us because without it toxic substances will build up in our bodies and kill us. It also helps in maintaining the composition of body
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each minute). The renal artery then branches into arterioles which then branch intoaspecialized capillaries called the glomerulus. Because of the great difference in diameter between the renal artery and the glomerul us‚ blood entering the glomerulus is under very high pressure. This pressure forces about 20% of the blood plasma (about 120m1 of the 600 ml) out of the glomerulus and across the membrane of Bowman’s capsule. Bowman’s capsule acts to "filter" or separate some of the substances that
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