blood vessels. When blood enters the kidneys‚ it flows from the afferent arterioles into the glomeruli. The glomeruli‚ which consists of small blood vessels‚ is where filtration of blood occurs to form urine. 20% of the blood that flows into the glomerulus gets filtered. Most everything has the chance of getting filtered except for red blood cells and large proteins. With this basic knowledge of the kidney‚ we can look at what GN is. Put simply‚ it is a group of diseases that injure the glomeruli
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Physiology Lab Review Questions for Final 7.2: Electrocardiogram (ECG) 1. The pacemaker region of the heart is the right atrium (SA node) ____________________________. 2. The conducting tissue of the heart located in the interventricular septum is the right and left bundle branches 3. Indicate the electrical events that produce each of these waves: a. P wave __atrial depolarization________________________________________________________. b. QRS wave __ventricular depolarization_________________________________________________
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| |1.4 Be able to describe possible treatments for kidney failure‚ including kidney dialysis and organ donation | |1.5 Be able to describe the structure of a nephron‚ including: | |a) glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule | |b) convoluted tubules | |c) loop of Henlé
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OF THE KIDNEYS http://www.healthline.com/vpvideo/kidney-physiology CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is long-standing‚ progressive deterioration of renal function. Function is measured using THE GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE (GFR). These are the stages of CKD; Stage GFR Description 1 With normal or high GFR >90 Normal kidney function but tests show early signs of kidney damage 2 Mild CKD 60-89 Mildly reduced kidney function‚ test results point
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Serum creatinine concentration shows a relationship with GFR‚ making it specific‚ but not a sensitive measure of GFR. The creatinine pool is influenced by nutritional state‚ hepatic disease gender‚ ethnicity‚ protein intake‚ and age (Slack et al.‚ 2010). In liver cirrhosis‚ the decrease in serum creatinine is due to a 50% reduction in hepatic production of creatine; increases in volume of distribution due to accumulation of extracellular fluid‚ ascites‚ edema‚ loss of muscle mass and malnutrition
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Homeostatic Imbalances Hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure. Blood pressure is a measurement of the force against the walls of your arteries as your heart pumps blood through your body. Blood pressure readings are usually given as two numbers -- for example‚ 120 over 80 (written as 120/80 mmHg). One or both of these numbers can be too high. The top number is called the systolic blood pressure‚ which is the force of blood in the arteries as the heart beats‚ and the bottom
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primary mechanism leading to the development of ARF appears to be acute tubular necrosis.This may result from toxins‚ including antibiotics‚ sepsis or long-standing hypovolaemia with resultant cellular ischemia and hypoxia resulting in damage to the glomerulus‚ renal tubular cells and the renal vasculature. Debris and casts in the tubular lumen can obstruct the renal tubules with the proximal tubules and thick ascending loop of Henle most seriously affected. Ischemic damage to the afferent and efferent
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APPROVED ACADEMIC SESSION: 2011/2012 Campus MEDWAY School School of Science Level Four Date May 2012 COURSE CODE BIOL1002 COURSE TITLE FUNDAMENTAL BIOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY Duration 2 Hours ___________________________________________________________________________ INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES SECTION A Answer ALL the multiple choice questions on the answer sheet provided. Each question carries one mark (50 questions). SECTION B Answer TWO questions. Each question carries 25 marks.
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BIO 102-BioJeopardy II Exam is February 27th Breathe In‚ Breathe Out 100-Name 4 different types of respiratory surfaces for organisms with examples Skin-frogs Gills-Fish (also skin) Tracheae-Insects (tracheal tubes directly feed body tissues across cell membranes‚ separate from circulatory system) Lungs-Humans (other mammals)-exchange of gases 200-1‚ Air rushes into the lungs of humans during inhalation because A) the rib muscles and diaphragm contract‚ increasing the lung volume. B) pressure
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Sample Exam 4-Bio 107 1) The layer of the GI tract wall that is responsible for motility is the A) muscularis. B) mucosa. C) serosa. D) submucosa. E) None of the above are correct. Answer: A 2) The process by which undigested material is removed from the gastrointestinal tract is A) secretion. B) urination. C) mechanical processing. D) elimination. E) absorption. Answer: D 3) Once a bolus of food has been formed in the mouth‚ it is passed by the tongue and jaws to the A) esophagus
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