Physics Assignment 1 J P1 M1

Evidence Required for Assessment – see assessment brief attached

Assessor’s Feedback / Student Action Points
Assessor’s Decision on Achievement
Yes / No & Date
P1
Describe the fundamental concepts associated with energy using examples at home, work or in industry

M1

Perform calculations involving changes of state for industrial processes

Before handing the assignment in you must sign the declaration of authenticity.
All work submitted must be your own. Direct copying of text or diagrams from any source including the internet, books, CD ROMS, newspapers or journals is not acceptable as evidence and will be classed as plagiarism.
You must reference all sources used.
Where text is quoted credit must be given to the source/author..

Learner’s Declaration
I certify that the work submitted is my own.
Signed:
Date:
Assessor's Declaration
I certify that the work submitted by the learner named above is original and has been completed independently.
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Scenario:
For P1 you will be recapping fundamental concepts associated with energy and doing basic calculations applying the principles.
For M1 you have been asked by industry experts to use data from an investigation into kettles currently available on the market. You will then advise them on how the material the kettle is made from affects its energy consumption performance.

P1
Describe the fundamental concepts associated with energy using examples at home, work or in industry

Task 1 – fill in the word equation, symbol formula and units equation for different energy equations

Task 2 – For the different scenarios draw the energy transfer diagrams, describe the energy transfers and then carry out the associated calculations
M1
Perform calculations involving changes of state for industrial processes

You have been asked by industry experts to conduct an investigation into kettles currently available on the market. You will advise them on how the material that the kettle is made from, affects its energy consumption performance

P1- Describe the fundamental concepts associated with energy, using examples at home, work or in industry

Assignment 1: P1a - Work, Energy and Power

To achieve P1 there are two pieces of work to be completed. The first one (P1a) is below.
The first one is done for you as an example.

Quantity
Word Equation
Symbol Formula
Units Equation

Work Done

Work done = force x distance

WD = F x d

J = N x m

Kinetic Energy

Kinetic energy = ½ × mass × velocity2

K.E = m × v2

J = kg × m/s2

Gravitational Potential Energy

Gravitational potential energy = mass × gravitational field strength × height

GPE = m × g × h

J = kg × m/s^2 × m

Power

Power = energy transformed × time

P = et × t

W = J × s

Elastic Potential Energy

Elastic Potential Energy =

EPE =

F = -kx

P1- Describe the fundamental concepts associated with energy, using examples at home, work or in industry

The second piece (P1b) is below.

In energy transfers energy can be converted from one form to another. When this happens some energy is always wasted.

Complete the two tables independently for the industrial energy conversions shown below. The first one has been done for you.

Situation Diagram
Energy Diagram and description of energy conversions

Energy diagram

Description of energy conversion

Some of the input kinetic energy is used as useful energy to work in lifting the capsule
The rest of the input energy is wasted as thermal energy lost to the environment

Energy diagram

\w

Description of energy conversion
Gravitational potential is used due to how high the person is consisted of.

Calculate the GPE of the mass
70 × 7 × 7 = 3430J

Maximum height of the trolley =20cm
Gravitational field strength =10 ms-2

Energy diagram

Description of energy conversion
Kinetic energy is used

Calculate-
KE of the mass
1.35m/s × 1.35m/s × 1kg = 1.8225 J
Maximum GPE of the trolley
10ms-2 × 1kg × 20cm =200 J
Efficiency of the system

M1 – Perform calculations involving changes of state for industrial processes

Scenario

You have been provided some data by industry experts into kettles currently available on the market. You will advise them on how the material that the kettle is made from, affects its energy consumption performance.

You have decided to start your investigation by researching how the insulation of the kettle affects the energy required to convert water from its liquid state to gaseous state.

Below are some examples of kettles that are available.

Theory
The latent heat of vaporisation: is the energy required to change 1 kilogram of substance from a liquid to a gas without a change in temperature.
Units of latent heat of vaporisation: J Kg-1 Equation: E = mL
(Energy = latent heat of vaporisation of substance x mass of substance that has changed state.)
Latent heat of vaporisation of water: L = 2.2 x 106 J Kg-1
Electrical Energy Input: E = electrical power x time Unit conversion: 1 Kg = 1000 g
Efficiency of a system: efficiency = (useful output energy / input energy) x 100%

Apparatus
Kettle
Electronic balance
Insulating material
Stopwatch
Water

Method

1) 500 g of cold water was placed in a plastic kettle.
2) The kettle was placed on an electronic balance and its total mass recorded.
3) The kettle was then switch on and allowed to boil.
4) The switch was fixed so that it did not automatically switch off once the water had reached boiling point.
5) Upon reaching boiling point the stopwatch was started and the mass of water and kettle was recorded.
6) After a period of three minutes, the new mass of water and kettle was recorded.
7) The experiment was then repeated using lagging made of fibrous material wrapped around the kettle.

Results
Non insulated Kettle
Mass of kettle and water = 1209.5 g
Mass of kettle and water at 100°C = 1195.8 g
Mass of kettle and water after 3 minutes = 1066.0 g

Insulated Kettle (lagging made of fibrous material)
Mass of kettle and water and lagging= 1316.3 g
Mass of kettle and water and lagging at 100°C = 1315.0 g
Mass of kettle and water and lagging after 3 minutes = 1180.4 g

Calculations
The energy required to change 1 Kg of liquid into gas without a change in temperature = change in mass x latent heat of vaporisation of water.
E = mL
Latent heat of vaporisation for water = 2.26 x 106 J Kg
Work out the evaporated mass of water and calculate the latent heat of vapourisation for both kettles. [Remember to convert the unit of mass to SI unit ).

Non insulated kettle
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………
…………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………
…………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………

Insulated kettle
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………
The electrical energy supplied in both cases is given by E = power x time
Using the power rating of the kettle (2330 W), calculate the electrical input energy:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

The efficiency of the energy transfer is calculated by:
Efficiency = (Useful output energy / Input energy) x 100%
Rewrite the above equation in terms of the energy types investigated.

Efficiency = ---------------------------------- x 100

Calculate the efficiency of the kettle in both cases using the appropriate energy values.

Non-Insulated kettle
Useful output energy = Input energy =
Efficiency =
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Insulated kettle
Useful output energy = Input energy=
Efficiency =
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Conclusion

Answer the following questions as your conclusion. Make sure your handwriting is legible. Otherwise type up your answers.

1) Explain why both sets of results showed a decrease in mass.
2) Explain how conduction, convection and radiation were taking place with both kettles.
3) Explain why was the mass of water evaporated higher with the insulated kettle.
4) Which kettle had the higher efficiency? Quote your efficiency values for each kettle and explain your answer in terms of energy transfer and latent heat of vapourisation.
5) You completed M1 using secondary data. Give one advantage and one disadvantage of using secondary data.
6) Do you think enough data was available for you to make a valid conclusion? Explain your answer