a skilled nursing facility is caring for an 85-year-old woman who has had a fever of 102°F for 2 days. The nurse noted increased agitation‚ restlessness‚ and a decreased appetite. The patient has a Foley catheter in place. The physician ordered a urine analysis and the results are below. A diagnosis of a kidney infection was given Color: dark amber in color Appearance: cloudy with sediment Specific gravity 1
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study of urinary chemistry on stone forming minerals will provide a good indication of risk of stone formation. Urinary supersaturation with respect to stone-forming constituents is generally considered to be one of the causative factors in calculogenesis. Though supersaturation of stone forming salts in urine is essential‚ abundance of these salts by itself will not always result in stone formation. Various substances in the body have an effect on one or more of the stone forming processes (nucleation
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kidneys‚ two ureters‚ a bladder‚ and the urethra. The kidneys act as a filter to filter the waste products from the blood‚ the ureters are tubes that transport the main waste products (urine) from the kidneys to the bladder‚ where it is stored until it is excreted out of the body through the urethra. Formation of Urea: When you eat a food high in protein‚ it is digested in the small intestine into amino acids. The villi on the walls of the small intestine absorb the amino acids into the hepatic
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that when individuals consume large amounts of liquid‚ they eliminate much of the liquid through urine. On the other hand‚ when individuals are severely dehydrated very little urine is formed. This certainly illustrates that control mechanisms in the human being can regulate the amount of urine that is formed. When tap water is ingested‚ there is a relatively rapid elimination of the water in the urine. However‚ when salt is ingested‚ there is a considerable delay in the excretion of water because
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Week 15: The Excretory/Urinary System Study Guide (NO COPY/PASTING) List at least 4 functions of the Urinary System. Filter blood to allow toxins‚ metabolic wastes‚ and excess ions to leave body through urination Regulate volume and chemical makeup of the blood Maintain proper balance between water and salts‚ acids and bases Gluconeogenesis during prolonged fasting What is the role of the renal artery? Transports oxygenated blood from the heart and aorta to the kidneys What is the
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Case Study: Urinary‚ Fluid & Electrolyte balance The cardiovascular system and the urinary system are intimately entwined. When the cardiovascular system experiences stress‚ the urinary system can be directly impacted. For example in hemorrhagic shock‚ when the body is rapidly depleted of circulating blood volume‚ the kidneys are often one of the first vital organs affected due to lack of perfusion. The kidneys are dependent on the sufficient cardiac output that the heart delivers. So when the
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INTRODUCTION Gemma is a 75 yr old female patient. She had her first Total Hip Replacement (THR) surgery due to arthritis. Although Gemma’s pathway appears to be quite normal according to the transition record‚ she has some issues need to be addressed. She is old‚ had a major surgery of trauma score 5 orthopedic‚ history of Asthma and hypertension‚ and high BMI. She needs to be monitored for complications since she is not only a surgical patient but also an orthopedic patient. The shift started at
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wherein saline solution is introduced into the bladder. It is also called as continuous bladder irrigation. Purpose of Irrigating Cystoclysis • to drain the bladder when acute urinary retention is present • to relieve bladder spasm • to prevent formation of calcific deposits in and around the indwelling catheter • to free blockage in the urinary catheter or tubing Indications • Urinary Tract Infection • Post-genitourinary surgery • Prostatic hematuria Contraindications • Hypersensitivity
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maintains the internal environment of the body by selectively excreting or retaining various substances according to specific body needs. The process of urine formation and adjustment of blood composition involves three processes: glomerular filtration‚ tubular reabsorption‚ and tubular secretion. The first part of the process of urine formation occurs in the glomeruli which act as filters‚ allowing water‚ glucose‚ salt and waste materials to pass through to the Bowman’s capsule but preventing and
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Homeostasis –Urine Analysis OBJECTIVES 1) To know know the various urine components 2) To detect abnormal constituents 3) To get a brief introduction on clinical biochemistry INTRODUCTION Homeostasis mechanism of human body will regulate the osmotic pressure of the blood. This function is carried out by the kidneys‚ that will filter blood and produces urine through three stages: ultrafiltration‚ reabsorption and secretion. The end product of the process will produce urine‚ which contains
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