right‚ and thus any areas of policy not explicitly agreed in treaties by all member states remain the domain of the member states. This principle has always underpinned the European Union‚ but it was explicitly specified for the first time in the failed Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe and carried over into its replacement‚ the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. 2) After the treaty of constitutional treaty was rejected in France and Holland in 2005 because the union
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national parliaments from the member states of the Union and had merely consultative role‚ since 1979 the Members of the EP are directly elected by the citizens of the EU. Furthermore‚ with the consecutive Treaties its legislative power has significantly increased‚ and after the Lisbon Treaty the parliament has equal legislative power with the Council and in many areas an act cannot be adopted without the approval of the European Parliament. These same traits exist at some national parliaments‚ like
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Introduction Human rights protection is one of the most important and most discussed topics in the present. It´s very difficult to define what are human rights and freedoms. When you ask ten people‚ they will probably give you ten answers. But there is also important to define the human. Human is every human being - every men‚ women‚ child and they have got human rights from his conception to his death. We know many kinds of rights‚ but only human rights are applied on absolutely everyone whatever
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Does membership of the European Union inevitably undermine national sovereignty? Table of contents: 1) Introduction 2-3 2) Treaties 3 3) European Institutions 4-7 4) European Monetary Union 8 5) Conclusion 9 6) Appendix 10-11 7) Bibliography 12 Introduction The establishment of the European Union (EU) has its foundations of integration belonging to an economic community: the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)
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Parliament in 1962. The first direct elections took place in 1979. The current MEPs were elected during the 2009 elections and will serve until 2014. The evolution of the Parliament is closely linked to a succession of treaties culminating in the current Lisbon Treaty. These treaties define the rules and scope of the Union and have turned the ECSC of old into what is now known as the European Union. Over the years‚ milestones like the introduction of the euro and European enlargement have left their
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economically and to avoid wars and conflicts‚ in 1950 after World War Two‚ later in 1957 year the Treaty of Rome creates the European Economic Community (EEC). So The European Union is an economic and political partnership now involving 28 European countries. The E.U. has its own currency‚ the euro‚ which is used in 19 of the member countries‚ it set rules in wide range of
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EUROPEAN UNION‚ BINDING ACTS AND ADAPTATION OF THE ITALIAN NATIONAL LAW TO THE COMMUNITY. The Treaty of Lisbon‚ signed on 13 December 2007 by the Heads of State and Government‚ was subject to ratification by all 27 Member States of the European Union. Article. 6 of the Treaty provided that it came into force on January 1‚ 2009‚ if by that date all Member States have deposited their instruments of ratification‚ otherwise on the first day of the month following the deposit of the instrument of
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national issues internally‚ in compliance with national law‚ versus the obligation on states to subordinate national law to Community law. Where it is contained: Historically the EEC treaty contained no provision dealing with the concept of supremacy of Community law over the national law of member states. In fact‚ treaties were generally silent as to the nature of the relationship between EU law and national law except for a general obligation contained in article 4 (3) TEU which states:- “‘Pursuant
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‘The major UK parties agree more over Europe than they disagree.’ Discuss Throughout the history of European integration‚ the major UK parties have debated on all different aspects of Europe and the impacts of membership on Britain itself. From both these debates and party policies‚ it is clear to see that whilst there is generally a consensus over Europe‚ some issues have been a cause of disagreement among the major parties. In this essay I will analyse the policies and actions of the major UK
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figures who support or hinder this process by all means take place. European Union has been passing through various associations‚ contracts and transformations to reach its present development. The Treaty of Maastricht in 1992 -1993 makes the existence of the European Union into fact. The Lisbon Treaty‚ which entered into force on 1 December 2009 and transformed the EU. The aim is to make it a flexible union‚ to strengthen its position in the international arena‚ which can be achieved through institutional
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