References: Stewart‚ D‚ 2012. (2012). Sulfur Element Facts. Available: http://www.chemicool.com/elements/sulfur.html. Last accessed 09/11/12. Winter‚M. (1993-2012). Copper: The essentials. Available: http://www.webelements.com/copper/. Last accessed 09/11/12.
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The Process Most electrophilic substitution reactions are irreversible but sulfonation is an exception. Treatment of benzene with "oleum" (a solution of SO3 in concentrated sulfuric acid) will give the sulfonic acid‚ the electrophilic species being sulfur trioxide which is Lewis acidic. Fig – 1 Sulphonation : Benzene equation The sulfonic acid can be converted back by treatment with hot aqueous acid. The reason for this reversibility is the fact that the Wheland intermediate is overall neutral and
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efficient drying agent‚ taking up moisture from the air and even abstracting the elements of water from such compounds as sugar and starch. The concentrated acid also acts as a strong oxidizing agent. It reacts with most metals upon heating to produce sulfur dioxide. (McGraw-hill science and Technology encyclopedia) (http://www.answers.com/topic/sulfuric-acid#ixzz1oDQ9MJCN) If a person is exposed to the fumes‚ it could cause irritation to the skin and eyes‚ if the liquid touches the skin‚ it can
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Unida Christian Colleges Unida St. Anabu I-F Imus‚ Cavite “Garlic as an Effective Insecticide” An Investigatory Project in Science Submitted by: Marielle Marie L. Camacam Christian D. Panganiban John Zebedee T. Barata Elisha Hope P. Villaruz Chelsy Anne Y. Buenabajo March 2012 Abstract Acknowledgements Table of Contents
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Eco-Industrial Parks: The Case for Private Planning Industrial ecologists are championing eco-industrial parks or EIPs as tools for pursuing sustainable development. An EIP is a community of companies located in one region that exchange and make use of each other’s by-products or energy. Among the best known is Kalundborg‚ Denmark‚ a city in which the major industries and the local government trade their waste streams and energy resources. Many commentators see Kalundborg as a model that should
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INTRODUCTION Extracts from black pepper discourage insect pests from laying eggs on leaves and pose lower risk to humans and the environment than other pesticides‚ a University of Ottawa researcher says. The more susceptible species were pine sawflies‚ which are passed on ornamental plants and caterpillars such as the eastern tent caterpillar Black Pepper worked better when insects are soft-bodied during the larval stage because the chemical is able to penetrate
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Name: Tonny‚ Chan Kar Yu‚ Student ID: 10297729 Date of Experiment: 19th March 2005‚ Group: B1 Title: Preparation of 1-bromobutane from 1-butanol by SN2 reaction Objective: 1. To study the preparation of 1-bromobutane from 1-butanol by an SN2 reaction 2. To study the method of purification of an organic compound by simple extraction 3. To study the test of identification of alkyl halide Chemicals and Apparatus: ~18.0 g 1-butanol‚ ~20.0 g sodium bromide‚ 15 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid‚ anhydrous
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Making and Testing for Hydrogen Gas Felicity Tyler Aim: To produce and test for hydrogen gas. Materials: * rubber stopper * dilute hydrochloric acid (HCI) * zinc pieces (Zn) * test-tube rack * matches * dilute sulphuric acid (H2SO4) * 2 cm strips of magnesium ribbon (Mg) * Iron pieces (Fe) * Test-tube Method 1. Test the different metals with the acids by separately combining
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Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris is a soil and seed borne disease affecting chickpea whichis widely distributed where chickpea is grown. It causes yield losses in the range of 12 to 100 % depending on the level of resistance of the genotype and suitability of environmental conditions for disease development. Management of soil borne diseases mainly involves use of preventive measures because it is harder to control the disease once established. Thiram and carbendazim are used
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Acid Rain Acid rain occurs when Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) is released into the atmosphere by electricity generation‚ motor vehicles‚ factories and by wildfires and volcanoes. Once released‚ the sulphur dioxide reacts with water to produce sulphuric acid. This has a pH of approximately 2-3 pH. This has a dramatic effect on water dwelling wildlife. Most water dwelling creatures can’t withstand water more acidic than pH 5. This causes the mass loss of life of animals such as trout‚ perch‚ frogs and mayflies
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