HIGHER INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE & ANIMAL PRODUCTION (ISAE) DEPARTMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT & AGRIBUSINESS (RDA) COURSE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (RM) CREDITS: 3 = 45 hrs (30 Theory + 15 TP) CLASS: RDA 4th Yr‚ Aug 2012 VENUE: Rubilizi Campus‚ CONVENOR: Dr. J. Richard N. KANYARUKIGA PhD (IWRM)‚ UDSM‚ Tanzania; MSc TAD (AE&P)‚ Reading‚ UK; BSc Agric (AS&P)‚ SUA‚ Morogoro‚ Tanzania Contact: Tel: +250 785 437 335; E-mail: jrnkanyarukiga@isae.ac.rw jrnkanyarukiga@yahoo.com kf
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FOUR DQ1 Explain the importance of random sampling. What problems/limitations could prevent a truly random sampling and how can they be prevented? Probability sampling‚ also known as random sampling‚ requires that every member of the study population have an equal opportunity to be chosen as a study subject. For each member of the population to have an equal opportunity to be chosen‚ the sampling method must select members randomly. Probability sampling allows every facet of the study population
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Advantages and disadvantages of sampling methods Type Description Advantages Disadvantages Stratified This requires one to be bias towards their data. For example‚ if you knew the proportion of pensioners in an area was 30% and you wanted to represent this in your sample you would ensure that pensioners’ answers only made up 30% of your sample. It can be used with random or systematic sampling‚ and with point‚ line or area techniques If the proportions of the sub-sets are known‚ it can generate
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are two broad categories of data collection in research: 1. Probability Sampling 2. Non-probability sampling Probability * Probability sampling is a random method of selection in a targeted population. To conduct randomized samples‚ you need to make sure everyone in the population is given an equal chance to be chosen. Simple Random Sampling * The simplest sampling technique is the simple random sampling‚ which is a lottery method of randomly picking from the targeted population
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Estimating plant population density: Time costs and sampling efficiencies for different sized and shaped quadrats Jennifer K. CARAH 1‚3 (corresponding author) jkcarah@sfsu.edu 415-333-6092 home 415-244-1725 mobile 415-405-0306 fax Lucas C. BOHNETT1‚2 lucasbohnett@hotmail.com Anastasia M. CHAVEZ 1‚2 anastasia.chavez@gmail.com Dr. Edward F. CONNOR1 efc@sfsu.edu 1 2 Department of Biology Department of Mathematics San Francisco State University 1600 Holloway Avenue San Francisco
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Data Collection Methods. Introduction Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest‚ in an established systematic fashion that enables one to answer stated research questions‚ test hypotheses‚ and evaluate outcomes. Data Collection Techniques include the following: Personal Interviews Conducting personal interviews is probably the best method of data collection to gain first hand information. It is however‚ unsuitable in cases where there are
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Determinants of poverty INTRODUCTION Background to the study The translation of consumption into welfare units is a function of various physiological characteristics such as age and sex of recipient‚ and environmental factors ( The possession of assets is a measure of the socio-economic status of the household. According to the 2002 Uganda Population and Housing census main report‚ majority (79%) of the households owned the houses they lived in especially in rural areas with 86% compared to urban
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alternative to these problems. Q4What is the difference between a sample and a census? * A sample is a subset‚ or some part‚ of a larger population. * A census in an investigation of all the individual elements that make up a population. * Sampling is often more beneficial than a census for: * Pragmatic reasons‚ such as budget and time constraints. * Accurate and reliable results -Most properly selected samples give sufficient accurate results. -However‚ there is a relationship
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STATISTICS WHAT IS STATISTICS? Statistics is a scientific body of knowledge that deals with the collection‚ organization or presentation‚ analysis‚ and interpretation of data. * Data are facts or a set of information or observation of the study. * Collection refers to the gathering of information or data. * Organization or presentation involves summarizing data or information in textual‚ graphical‚ or tabular forms. * Analysis involves describing the data by using statistical
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Psychology Research Methods • The general investigative purpose of a psychology study (why the researcher has decided to conduct an investigation) is called its aim. • A hypothesis is a precise and testable statement of what the researcher predicts will be the outcome of the study. In an experiment this is called the experimental hypothesis. • In a correlational study the hypothesis is called a research hypothesis‚ and it will predict a relationship between two variables. • A research
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