references Cho‚ CH & Patten‚ DM 2007‚ ‘The role of environmental disclosures as tools of legitimacy: a research note’‚ Accounting‚ Organizations and Society vol. 32‚ no. 7‚ pp. 639-47. Cormier‚ D‚ Magnan‚ M & Van Velthoven‚ B 2005‚ ‘Environmental disclosure quality in large German companies: economic incentives‚ public pressures or institutional conditions?’ European Accounting Review‚ vol. 14‚ no. 1‚ pp. 3-39. Cowan‚ S & Gadenne‚ D 2005‚ ‘Australian corporate environmental reporting: a comparative
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POSITIVE ACCOUNTING THEORY‚ POLITICAL COSTS AND SOCIAL DISCLOSURE ANALYSES: A CRITICAL LOOK* Markus J. Milne Accountancy and Business Law University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand Ph: 64-3-479-8120 Fax: 64-3-479-8450 Email: mmilne@commerce.otago.ac.nz * The author would like to thank Alan MacGregor‚ Carolyn Stringer‚ Gregory Liyanararchchi‚ Ros Whiting and an anonymous conference reviewer for their helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. Thanks are also due to seminar participants
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Summary 1 Introduction 2 Theories of Accounting 2 Public Interest Theory 2 Private Interest Theory 2 Regulatory Capture Theory 3 Is accounting Needed (GPFR)? 3 What does the financial department (accounts) do? 3 Why public disclosure became so serious? 4 Principal Agent Outlook 4 Agency Cost- Critical Reason for accounting frauds 6 Three Essential Accounting Areas 7 Capital Budgeting 7 Investments 9 Capital Structure 11 Trade off theory 12 Conclusion 13 References:
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Chapter 7 - Positive Theory Positive Accounting Theory Philosophy of PAT Million Friedman championed positive theories in economics. He stated that: (part 3 Empirical Research in Accounts of Accounting theory from Jayne Godfrey) The ultimate goal of positive science (i.e. INDUCTIVE) is • The development of a ‘theory ‘ or ‘hypothesis’; • that yields valid and meaningful “Predictions’ • about phenomena not yet “observed”. Consistent with Friedman’s view‚ Watts and Zimmerman
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profits. Also‚ interest rates naturally fluctuate between high and low levels (controlled by the government to manage inflation - not the individual banks). For these reasons they have developed a generally bad reputation with the public (exacerbated by Credit Union advertisements etc). By making this voluntary disclosure to the public‚ ANZ is trying to "win over" customers by showing their concerns for the community. This is an example of Positive Accounting Theory (PAT) - a theory which attempts
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Module 1: Accounting under ideal conditions Ideal conditions; certainty and uncertainty (including differences & similarities)‚ dividend irrelevancy‚ arbitrage‚ accretion of discount‚ abnormal earnings RRA - SFAS69; weaknesses of RRA (relevant but not as reliable) Historical Accounting Revisited mixed measurement model‚ (relatively reliable but lacks relevance)‚ revenue recognition‚ recognition lag Relevance VS Reliability -> tradeoffs (Without ideal conditions‚ complete relevance &
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``Interests ’ ’ and accounting standard setting in Malaysia Faculty of Business and Accountancy‚ University of Malaya‚ Kuala Lumpur‚ Malaysia Keywords Accounting profession‚ Malaysia‚ Standards Abstract This paper offers insights into the conflicts and tensions within the Malaysian accounting profession and the power struggle therein to dominate the accounting standard setting process‚ within the context of a rapidly developing country. It shows how interest groups and parochial interests‚ along
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DEVELOPMENT OF ACCOUNTING THEORY IN MALAYSIA LECTURER: DR. ROSMILA SENIK GROUP MEMBERS: AHMAD SABRI IZZAT BIN RAMLI 134918 ROSMALINDA BT ISMAIL 135047 MOHD SHUKRY BIN MD TAIB 134820 ILY IRYANI ISTIHAR 135272 Introduction Studies of accounting development in Malaysia more focus on the politics of
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Question 3: Paragraph 81 states that if the amount of consideration to which an entity will be entitled is variable‚ the cumulative amount of revenue the entity recognizes to date should not exceed the amount to which the entity is reasonably assured to be entitled. An entity is reasonably assured to be entitled to the amount allocated to satisfied performance obligations only if the entity has experience with similar performance obligations and that experience is predictive of the amount of consideration
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Faculty of Commerce Faculty of Commerce - Accounting & Finance Working Papers University of Wollongong Year The Critique of Accounting Theory M. Gaffikin University of Wollongong‚ gaffikin@uow.edu.au This working paper was originally published as Gaffikin‚ M‚ The Critique of Accounting Theory‚ Accounting & Finance Working Paper 06/25‚ School of Accounting & Finance‚ University of Wollongong‚ 2006. This paper is posted at Research Online. http://ro.uow.edu.au/accfinwp/41 06/25 University
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