concentration. Depending on the body fluid osmolarity‚ the collecting duct reabsorbs water & forms concentrated urine or if water is allowed to pass‚ dilute urine is formed. Medullary Osmotic Gradient 2. Identify the three factors in the nephron determine the osmotic gradient. 1- Differences in water and solute permeability and reabsorption in different sections of the limbs of the loop of Henle 2- Urea cycling in the medulla 3- Countercurrent exchange of fluid in the vasa recta
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volume of urine to be higher than the baseline data. Increasing the afferent arteriole radius increased the glomerular filtration rate. 2. Under these conditions‚ does the fluid flow through the nephron? >>No! No urine was collected which indicates no fluid flows through the nephron. 3. What is the glomerular filtration rate? >>The glomerular filtration rate is 0 which means the glomeruli are not carrying out any filtration task. 4. How does it compare to your
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pelvis _8__ renal column _9__ renal pyramid _1__ ureter Type the number of the following structures using the numbered lines in the diagram in the lab book of the nephron: _10__ afferent arteriole _8__ collecting duct _4__ distal convoluted tubule _9__ efferent arteriole _3__ glomerular capsule _2__ glomerulus _6__ nephron loop _5__ peritubular capillaries _1__ proximal convoluted tubule _11__ renal papilla _7__ vasa recti Activity 3 – Matching Number the following
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This process is achieved by passive diffusion that involves the movement of molecules from the peritubular capillaries to the interstitial fluid within the nephron. It also involves active transport involving the movement of molecules via ATPase pumps that transport the substance through the renal epithelial cell into the lumen of the nephron (Boundless‚ 2016). This process differs from the reabsorption process in that it filters and cleans substances form the blood and do not retain them. Some of
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I. Kidney Anatomy A. Every day the kidneys filter nearly 200 liters of fluid from the bloodstream‚ allowing toxins‚ metabolic wastes‚ and excess ions to leave the body in urine while returning needed substances to the blood; of this‚ only 1-2 L of urine is actually formed daily B. Location and External Anatomy 1. Kidneys - bean-shaped organs that lie retroperitoneal in the superior lumbar region. 2. The medial surface is concave and has a renal
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1) The functional unit of the kidney is the a- Calyx b- Nephron c- Collecting duct d- Pyramid 2) All of the following are components of the nephron except the: a- Loop of Henle b- Renal corpuscle c- Proximal tubule d- Renal pelvis 3) Plasma proteins are not commonly found in the urine because: a- All proteins are subsequently reabsorbed b- All of the plasma proteins are too large to fit through the filtration slits c- All proteins filtered
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retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum)‚ lying against the dorsal body wall in the upper abdomen. 3. The adrenal gland sits atop the kidneys. Blood vessels enter and leave the kidney at the renal cortex. 4. The functional units of the kidney are the nephrons. They are called renal pyramids if they are located mainly in the cortex. They are called renal pyramids if they are located in both the cortex and the medulla. 5. Blood enters the kidney through the hilus artery. The artery branches into smaller
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Exercise for Histology (for digestive gland) I. Multichosen questions: 1. The B cells in islet of Langerhans secrete ( B ). A. glucagon B. insulin C. serotonin D. pepsin E. trypsin 2. The perisinusoidal space ( space of Disse ) in hepatic lobule is located between ( C ). A. two adjacent hepatocytes B. hepatic macrophage and endothelium of hepatic sinusoid C. hepatocyte and endothelium of hepatic sinusoid D. hepatic plate and hepatic plate E
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and endocrinological function of the Juxtaglomerular apparatus Abbreviations used: DCT- Distal convoluted tubule‚ JGA-Juxtaglomerular apparatus‚ MD-Macula Densa‚ TGF-tubular glomerular feedback‚ NO-Nitric Oxide‚ NOS-Nitric Oxide Synthase The nephron‚ the functional unit of the kidney‚ is made of 2 parts: the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule. The renal corpuscle is composed of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule while the renal tubule extends from the Bowman’s capsule to the collecting duct
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Pharmacotherapy that acts at the kidney A. Loop diuretics B. Thiazide diuretics C. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors D. K+- sparing diuretics E. Osmotic diuretics F. Others IV. Therapeutic uses I. Structure/Function Germann and Stanfield Fig. 19.2 The Nephron: Tubular Component Bowman’s Capsule (Glomerulus) Proximal C T Proximal Straight Tubule Loop of Henle Descending Ascending Distal C T Collecting Duct Germann and StanfieldFig 19.3 Renal Processes Germann and Stanfield Fig 19.7 • Sympathetic
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