Erythrocyte: Structure & Metabolism หัวข้อบรรยาย 1. Red cell membrane 1. Membrane lipid 2. Membrane skeleton 3. Peripheral proteins 4. Integral proteins 2. RBC metabolism 1. Glycolytic (Embden-Meyerhof) pathway 2. Hexose monophosphate shunt 3. Rapoport-Luebering pathway 2.4 Methemoglobin reductase pathwa 3. Hemoglobin 3.1 Hemoglobin structure 3.2 Hemoglobin synthesis
Premium Hemoglobin Red blood cell Protein
AS Biology - Unit 1 ------------------------------------------------- Metabolism Metabolism is a term to describe all reaction which is taking place within a cell and is separated into two types which are * anabolic = compounds being built up * catabolic = compounds being broken down ------------------------------------------------- Water The water molecule is a molecule which is made up from 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. It is bounded by 2 covalent bonds and has is polar.
Premium Organism Energy Metabolism
Edward F. Coyle’s article‚ Fat Metabolism During Exercise: New Concept‚ focuses on answering the question to “what limits the rate at which people can convert their body fat into energy during exercise. He focuses on the different components of fats‚ such as the adipose tissue‚ blood plasma‚ and the oxidization of fats. He highlights how within the adipose tissue there an estimated 50‚000 to 60‚000 kcal energy stored as triglyceride and an obese individual will have more energy than compared to an
Premium Muscle Obesity Nutrition
Proteins play an important role in the human body. The DNA molecule controls the synthesis of proteins. The DNA contains genes which are sequences of nucleotides and bases. Proteins are used for growth and repair. Proteins are made up of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Firstly ’amino acid synthesis ’ is the set of biochemical processes by which the various amino acids are produced from other compounds. The substrates for these processes are various compounds in the organism ’s diet
Free DNA RNA Protein
Purine metabolism is central to the production of nucleotides in the body. Imbalances in this process can lead to hyperuricemia which is abnormally high levels of uric acid in the blood [>360μmol/L in females and >400μmol/L in males]. Hyperuricemia can lead to uric acid crystals precipitating in the joints‚ skin‚ vessels and other tissues‚ this is a form of inflammatory arthritis known as gout. Uric acid is a metabolite of purine metabolism therefore gout can aptly be characterized as a disorder
Premium Diabetes mellitus Obesity Blood sugar
Simply put‚ metabolism is the process of breaking down proteins‚ carbohydrates‚ and fats to yield the energy your body needs to maintain itself. The rate of your metabolism depends on the interaction between the number of calories you consume‚ the number of calories you burn while eating and exercising‚ and the calories you burn based on your individual genetic makeup. How can you increase your metabolism? Well‚ there’s not much you can do about your genes (they only account for a measly 5% of
Premium Metabolism Nutrition Energy
When you hear metabolism the first thing you might think of is the number of calories your cells burn each day. Metabolism is actually the sum of all chemical reactions that take place in the body. Metabolic reactions that produce energy are dependent on the cardiovascular system‚ which send oxygen to all the cells in your body. Although metabolism is not primarily made of reactions that burn nutrients like carbohydrates‚ fats and protein‚ these are perhaps the most widely known of the metabolic
Premium Metabolism Energy Nutrition
The Role of ATP in cellular metabolism Cells are required to carry out thousands and thousands of chemical reactions just so everything will remain functioning properly. Every reaction carried out requires energy from a particular source. Cells have come up with their own way of doing this in very well-organized metabolic systems. Each cell type has its own variation of the precise mechanisms. Animals receive energy through aerobic respiration‚ where as plants deliver energy through the act of
Premium Adenosine triphosphate Metabolism
Metabolism: Existed evidence notified that changed in the metabolic processes including oxidative stress‚ mitochondrial metabolism and absorption of glucose is concerned to altered MSC differentiation. Mitochondrial metabolism and ROS generation play crucial roles in adipogenic differentiation [37‚ 47-49]. It has been investigated that exogenous hydrogen peroxide increased adipogenic differentiation of MSCs‚ while mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants decreased it. Moreover‚ ROS that generated through
Premium Metabolism Enzyme Adenosine triphosphate
in Biology – Biochemistry and Metabolism. Metabolism is the term used to describe the chemical reactions that take place inside a cell. Metabolic pathways are a series of these reactions catalysed by enzymes‚ and are carried out in small steps so that the product of one step can be the substrate of the next. The synthesis of larger molecules from this is called anabolism (e.g. constructing tissue) and the breaking down of these larger molecules is called catabolism (Dow et al.‚ 1995‚ pp185-186)
Premium Metabolism Adenosine triphosphate Citric acid cycle