Mapua Institute of Technology Organic Chemistry Laboratory 2 Final Report Factors Affecting the Relative Rates of Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reaction Justiniano‚ Priscilla Raiza N. School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry‚ Mapua Institute of Technology‚ Intramuros‚ Manila‚ Philippines Experiment No.1‚ Submitted on August 6‚ 2011 at N402. Abstract EXPERIMENT NUMBER ONE IS ALL ABOUT THE ELECTROPHILIC SUBSTITUTION OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS. AROMATIC COMPOUNDS ARE THOSE ORGANIC
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benzoic acid however; our results show that it was pure benzoic acid because it had a high melting point. Another factor that could have affected the purity of benzoic acid is through the mechanism of which the sunthesis was followed. Usually when compunds are synthesised it uses a long range of mechanisms and this can cause many contaminations because a variety of apparatus are used. There are also‚ many experimental conditions. There are contaminants that will affect the purity of benzoic acid
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Experiment 3 Objectives Separation by Solvent Extraction To separate a mixture consisting of a carboxylic acid and a neutral compound by using solvent extraction techniques. Introduction Frequently‚ organic chemists must separate an organic compound from a mixture of compounds‚ often derived from natural sources or products of synthetic reactions. One technique used to separate the mixture compounds is called extraction. Extraction is a process
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: Paracetamol (325mg)‚ a non-opioid and non-salicylate analgesic. It is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Name Acetaminophen Drug Type Small Molecule Approved Description Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic‚ but may cause liver‚ blood cell‚ and kidney damage. Synonyms Acetaminofen Paracetamolo Paracetamol Brand Taken Crocin - Remidex Pharma Calpol -
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SUMMARY OF ORGANIC REACTIONS SECTION 1 - ALIPHATIC Aldehydes and ketones |Type of reaction |Mechanism | |1. oxidation (aldehydes only): aldehyde ( carboxylic acid |n/a | | | | |reagents: potassium
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in solution with a deep voilet colour.Biuret H2NCONHCONH2 reacts with copper(11)ions in a basic solution to form a deep voilet complex. Xanthoproteic Test • The amino acids that contain benzene ring like tyrosine and tryptophan undergo nitration in this test and gives yellow colour. Millon’s Test • It is specific for tyrosine‚ the only amino acid that contain a phenol group on which a hydroxyl group is attached. It gives red precipitate. Hopkins_cole Test • It is specific
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structural features of organic compounds. State and explain principles governing the physical and chemical properties of aldehydes‚ ketones‚ carboxylic acid‚ carboxylic acid derivatives and amines. Write‚ explain and solve problems related the reaction mechanisms for nucleophilic addtition of carbonyl compounds and nucleophilic acyl substitution of carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Develop synthetic methods for preparations of various types of aldehydes‚ ketones‚ carboxylic acids‚ carboxylic acid derivatives
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color change or a warming effect. Flammability was tested by igniting 3-5 drops of the sample in a small evaporating dish. Baeyer’s test and Bromine test were used for tests for active unsaturation. Aromaticity of the compound was determined through nitration. Oxidation was tested by introducing 8 drops of 2% KMnO4 solution and 3 drops of 10% NaOH solution to 4 drops of the sample organic compound in a test tube and warming the mixture through water bath. All of the test compounds are liquid and colorless
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composed of sucrose (10%)‚ aspirin (40%)‚ and Tylenol (50%). Although this information is reported‚ the true composition of Panacetin is questionable. While sucrose and aspirin are present in Panacetin‚ Tylenol may be replaced by an unknown component (acetanilide or phenacetin). Separation of the components of a sample of Panacetin may prove valuable in identification of the unknown component‚ as well as the true percent composition of each component of Panacetin. This experiment involves two parts‚ covering
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Xanthoproteic Test Conc. HNO3‚ conc. NaOH For W‚F‚Y (aromatic except for H) Blue to blue-violet Oxidative decarboxylation color & deamination followed by (proline:hydroxypr condensation oline gives a yellow color) Yellow sol’n/ppt. Nitration via SEAr with conc. HNO3‚ orange with excess NaOH Millon’s rgt.(Hg2+ & Hg22+nitrates& nitriles/Hg(NO3)2 in conc. HNO3‚ w/ trace of HNO2/HgSO4‚H2SO4 ‚NaNO2) Hopkins-Cole Test Glyoxylic acid (Mg powder‚ oxalic acid‚ HOAc)‚ conc. H2SO4
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