international lingua franca English speakers in the world including those who are in the inner circle‚ outer circle and expanding circle had reached to 380 millions of people since 2001. The finding shows how influential English Language is. Gradually‚ English become the international lingua franca‚ “utilized outside of the country or countries of its origin.”( Subject Area - English Language Essays) The Lingua Franca There are both pros and cons of English becoming the international lingua franca.
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ENGLISH AS A LINGUA FRANCA AND SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS Penny Ur TESOL France Colloquium 2009 Initial Concepts and Assumptions Probably between two and three billion people speak English. These may be defined according to Kachru’s three circles: inner‚ outer‚ expanding (Kachru‚ 1992). expanding circle outer circle inner circle Kachru‚ 1985 Probably between two and three billion people speak English. These may be divided into Kachru’s three circles: inner‚ outer
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From the list of concepts stated above‚ I have chosen to describe the concepts of dialect‚ context of situation‚ native speaker and lingua franca with regards to the local context in my discussion. Dialect In Singapore‚ the racial groups are categorized into their ‘dialect groups’‚ meaning their ‘ethnic’ groups. It is stated that “every Singaporean has an officially allocated ‘dialect group’ which normally corresponds to the paternal ancestral language‚ but does not necessarily to anything in the
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The shape of things to come? Some basic questions about English as a lingua franca Introduction: ’English ’ as a global lingua franca ’English ’‚ whatever may be meant by this designation‚ is the language in which most lingua franca communication worldwide is now taking place. This predominance is well documented (cf. e.g. Crystal 1997‚ Graddol 1997). Although‚ as these authors argue‚ this predominance may well turn out to be a temporary one‚ maybe for approximately the next 50 years‚ for
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My experience of learning to Read and Write in Thai as arterial language and English as lingua franca Atthaporn Youngyoo 55074327 Weekend Program Naresuan University MY EXPERIENCE OF LEARNING TO READ AND WRITE IN THAI AS ARTERIAL LANGUAGE AND ENGLISH AS LINGUA FRANCA True confession “15 pages for you to write about your experience of learning second language” I never thought it would end up like this. At first I thought “May be‚ Dr.Pongsakorn just kidding and may be
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was established in North America. Jamestown became English’s first major step toward becoming a global language (Crystal 31). Over a single century‚ the English language grew in vocabulary‚ geography and its number of speakers increased. The lingua franca of the Mediterranean in medieval times persisted into the age of exploration into the larger seas (Bailey 127).
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globalization; it also shows us how global languages spread and why they are needed. Key words: lingua franca‚ globalization‚ language Language and Globalization Since this paper is going to focus on the problem of language globalization I feel we should be properly introduced first to the term of lingua franca or otherwise known as a global language. The term lingua franca (plural lingue franche or lingua francas) is used to refer to any form of language that serves as a means of communication among
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a domestic issue…English is either perceived as a threat‚ for example‚ to a nation’s language(s) or cultural identity‚ or it is considered to be an asset‚ economically for instance” (Hale & Basides‚ 2013). English had started to be known as a lingua franca around the period of World War II. After reading the English Effect report by the British council written by Howson (2013) it can be estimated that approximately 1.75 billion people use English worldwide‚ in other words‚ approximately one in four
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English as a foreign language‚ globalization and Conceptual questioning This text talks us about the importance of the English as lingua franca‚ and the struggle between “native English countries” and the other countries to impose their own language as lingua franca. The main problem is that the lingua franca is chosen by the most powerful people in the world who in their majority have English as native language. The people who live in countries where the English is their native language are privileged
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English-speaking countries. Here English may serve as a useful lingua franca between ethnic and language groups. Higher education‚ the legislature and judiciary‚ national commerce‚ and so on‚ may all be carried out predominantly in English. The expanding circle refers to those countries where English has no official role‚ but is nonetheless important for certain functions‚ notably international business. This use of English as a lingua franca by now includes most of the rest of the world not categorised
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