8.2.1 (iv) Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil By Blake Turner – Year 11 Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil Introduction Crude oil is the term for "unprocessed" oil‚ the stuff that comes out of the ground. It is also known as petroleum. Crude oil is a fossil fuel‚ meaning that it was made naturally from decaying plants and animals living in ancient seas millions of years ago -- most places you can find crude oil were once sea beds. Crude oils vary in colour‚ from clear to tar-black‚
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Binary Trees Page: 1 Binary Trees by Nick Parlante This article introduces the basic concepts of binary trees‚ and then works through a series of practice problems with solution code in C/C++ and Java. Binary trees have an elegant recursive pointer structure‚ so they are a good way to learn recursive pointer algorithms. Contents Section 1. Binary Tree Structure -- a quick introduction to binary trees and the code that operates on them Section 2. Binary Tree Problems -- practice problems
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5. Binary Opposition Definition: A binary opposition is a pair of related terms or concepts that are opposite in meaning. It is an anthropological term proposed by Claude Levi-Strauss‚ one of the key figures of structuralism. Levi-Strauss borrowed concept from linguist de Saussure and Roman Jakobson that culture is like the language system‚ and the language system is about differences‚ and is composed of pairs of oppositions. Therefore Levi-Strauss held that cultures are structured‚ and are
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Distillation of Alcohol Beverages Abstract Distillation is a process wherein a liquid is heated until its boiling point while the resultant hot vapors are subsequently captured and cooled‚ and the condensed vapors are collected. Among the many types of distillations‚ the fractional method or technique of distillation was used in this experiment. A step by step procedure was followed and an amount of 3.33 % of ethanol was obtained from the sample wine‚ Mateus Rose‚ which was used. Further
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Laboratory Experiment #1: Simple Distillation of Two Volatile Liquids Containing Non-Volatile Impurities Introduction: Simple distillation is a commonly used method to separate and purify the mixtures of organic liquids into their original components. Mixtures of two miscible liquids with two different boiling points were separated. Therefore‚ it can be said that the two organic compounds are separated by exploiting the different boiling temperatures of the liquids. Both vaporization and condensation
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Vorahathai Kunupagapan E01404084 Vorahathai Kunupagapan E01404084 Assignment 2: Secondary data searching Title: Fractional Jet Services Product Definition: Fractional jet services can be defined as a service that customers can purchase or lease share of a plane instead of purchasing the entire plane. The core product of this industry is to sell a fraction of the plane but owners can choose sizes of share‚ cabin volume‚ and types of aircraft that best match their needs. Most shares are sold
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experiment two solutions are used. According to the definition of viscosity mobile liquids have a relatively low viscosity. Fluidity is the reciprocal of viscosity‚ given as equation 1: F=1/ η. Fluidity is advantageous because solutions of mixed solutions of nonassociating liquids are roughly additive. In this experiment binary solutions are used‚ so if each pure liquid has fluidities Fa and Fb‚ the fluidity of a mixture is given by: Equation1 (Halpern‚ 17-3).
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Other Important Topics in Column Design Outline Sub-Flowsheets Thermodynamic model (Fluid Package) selection Solver selection Sub-flowsheets HYSYS has a multi-flowsheet architecture. A big flowsheet can be split up into smaller sub-flowsheets. Each sub-flowsheet has its own streams‚ operations‚ PFD and an independent fluid package. The column in HYSYS is a sub-flowsheet where independent operations are possible H83 PS1/H84 CFL Templates A template
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purpose of this experiment was to isolate the aromatic hydroxyl compound‚ eugenol from crushed cloves using steam distillation. After conducting the distillation‚ the expected two layers were not visible in the centrifuge tube. Subsequently‚ the extraction and evaporation did not produce the expected oil. This result is probably due to the collection of only water vapor during distillation. From another group’s data‚ 3.80% of the oil was recovered from the cloves in which the major component is eugenol
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isolated from ground cloves using steam distillation techniques. Eugenol had a high boiling point‚ but it was isolated at a lower temperature by performing a co-distillation with water‚ a process known as steam distillation. This technique allowed the desired material to be distilled at a lower temperature than 100℃. The point of the steam distillation was to use an azeotrope to isolate the organic compound from a solid. The azeotrope was the liquid mixture with a constant boiling point. After obtaining
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