in the early modern centuries that constituted the Commercial Revolution? In the great economic readjustment that was taking place in Europe‚ the opening of ocean trade routes was important‚ the growth of population and a slow inflation. Describe the growth of European population in the sixteenth century. Why did the European population expand in this period? European population grew rapidly in the 16th century. About 90 million in Europe – 20 million added in 16th century England – 5 million
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Humanists: sought to revisit the original biblical texts to re-establish a purer religion. Lollards: since the 14th century. Challenged some of the core religious teachings of the Church. The majority of these were to be found in areas of the Midlands and the east of England; the majority of the supporters were from the literate artisan or merchant class. Lutherans: those who had taken up the teachings of Martin Luther‚ who had challenged the key beliefs of the Catholic church and his POV was that
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33 The General Crisis of the European Economy in the 17th Century IN THIS ARTICLE I WISH TO SUGGEST THAT THE EUROPEAN ECONOMY passed through a " general crisis " during the 17th century‚ the last phase of the general transition from a feudal to a capitalist economy. Since 1300 or so‚ when something dearly began to go seriously wrong with European feudal society1 there have been several occasions when parts of Europe trembled on the brink of capitalism. There is a taste of " bourgeois
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Smallpox emerged around 200 years after the Black Death‚ during the mid-14th century‚ and quickly became one of the biggest killers in the expanding world. (Dobson‚p.130) Smallpox changed the beauty standards in Europe through the use of makeup‚ fashion‚ and accessories. This disease struck in all social classes of society and was not dependent on status‚ wealth‚ sanitary conditions‚ or hygiene. Because of that‚ smallpox was sometimes referred to as the “democratic” disease (Skold‚p.145) People
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Steele states that “the first true corsets date from some time in the first half of the sixteenth century when aristocratic women began wearing “whalebone bodies” (Steele‚ 2001‚ p. 6). According to Steele‚ the whalebone bodies originated in Spain and/or Italy and then spread through the rest of Europe. During the 16th century the bodies were only worn by aristocratic women and girls. In the 17th century a corset or a boned lining which supported bodice shaping had a higher waistline‚ and a longer
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The fall of the Songhay Empire starts chapter thirteen. The height of power was under Askiya Muhammad Ture‚ during the 16th century. Towards the late 16th century the royal power weakened‚ because of short reigns and dynastic disputes. This caused growth of rivals‚ which drew off trade from Songhay domination‚ gold from Akan forest to go to Europeans coast‚ and no external threat visible. The Moroccan invasion also contributed to the fall of Songhay. The Moroccan motive was to control and revive
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Harold Shaw Hum314 November 12th‚ 2012 A comparison on Venus or Urbino and Monet’s Olympia As the upper class Renaissance movement took pace in Italy during the 14th century many different originally theories and beliefs became relevant in Greeks and Roman life. Mainly the importance of the individual was held higher then before. This lead the way for artist such as Giovanni Bellini to express their art‚ religious beliefs‚ and ideas through paintings of landscapes and portraits. They used bold
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because they want to achieve the idea of perfection that is shown by the media. The trend in the appearance of female breasts in Europe in the 14th century was having a flat torso‚ where breasts were hidden and tightly bound. Throughout history‚ there were many procedures done by doctors to change a shape and size of female breasts. At the beginning of the 20th century‚ cosmetic surgery experimented with a method of inserting a brained silk‚ particles of celluloid‚ vegetable ivory‚ and other foreign
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ornamental European decoration. Asymmetric compositions‚ strong contrast of light‚ dark‚ and bold illusion effects characterize baroque style. This style originated from Italy and came to dominate artistic production in the years between 16th and middle of 17th century. The artist worked to increase the dramatic expressiveness of religious subject matter in order to give viewers the sense that they are participating in the action. There are well known painters of the Baroque style paintings‚ which represent
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Abstract * Historians take national states as focus (since mid-19th century) * Realize importance of large-scale historical process * Sea/ocean basins as framework for analysis * Not well for absolute/definitive category * Contour/characteristics change dramatically over time * Useful to bring focus to exchange * For > century European/Euro-American treat history almost exclusively to national states * Leopold focus on institution‚ constitution
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