CH14.QXD 9/24/07 11:56 AM Page 435 . 14 Chapter Enterprise resource planning (ERP) Source: Northampton Symphony Orchestra Introduction One of the most important issues in planning and controlling operations is managing the sometimes vast amounts of information generated by the activity. It is not just the operations function that is the author and recipient of this information‚ almost every other function of a business will be involved. So‚ it is important that all relevant
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Integrated Management Systems: ERP – MRP Evolution… ERP philosophy has evolved from MRPII philosophy. MRPII philosophy evolved from MRP philosophy. It is important to understand the difference between each term. Effective ERP requires that integrated management processes extend horizontally across the company‚ including product development‚ sales‚ marketing‚ manufacturing‚ and finance. It must extend vertically throughout the company’s supply chain to include the acquisition of raw materials‚ suppliers
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REQUIREMENT PLANNING Introduction * MRP is a simple system of calculating arithmetically the requirements of the input materials at different points of time based on actual production plan. * MRP can also be defined as a planning and scheduling system to meet time-phased materials requirements for production operations. MRP Objectives * Reduction in Inventory Cost: By providing the right quantity of material at right time to meet master production schedule‚ MRP tries to avoid the cost of excessive
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E-commerce E-commerce is Electric Commerce which is a wide range of business activities through internet or other computer networks. It involves trading or selling of products and services from one entity to another. It follows the same basic principles as traditional commerce that is‚ buyers and sellers come together to swap commodities for money. This principle is used over networked computers rather than shopping stores‚ catalogs or telephone in conducting business. E-commerce allows people to
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3. MATERIALS REQUIREMENT PLANNING (MRP) Kruger & Ramphal (2009: 232) defines Material requirements planning (MRP) as “a computer-based information system used to schedule and order dependent-demand inventories.” Independent demand is demand for final products whereas dependent demand is demand for items that are subassemblies or component parts to be used in production of finished goods. In simpler terms‚ MRP is a production planning process that begins with the demand for finished products‚ and
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Gershwin MRP Overview • Primary source: Factory Physics by Hopp and Spearman. • Basic idea: Once the final due date for a product is known‚ and the time required for each production step is known‚ then intermediate due dates and material requirement times can be determined. • Original goal: To determine when material for production is required. MRP Overview Demand Demand • ... from outside the system is independent demand. • ... for components or raw material is dependent demand. Before MRP‚ buyers
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案例：MRP，ValentinCase：Valentin Valentin Inc. is a company who uses MRP to organize its production. The lot-sizing technique they chose for all references is lot-for-lot. They provide part of the product tree structure for products A and B (the figures shown indicate the number of component required to produce a product of the next level). Product Y(2) Product B A Z(3) Y(1) Z(1) W(2) The components Y and W are used exclusively in the production of products A and B. They
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Sharon Lei English 101 Professor Ewan Magie 13 October 2013 Critical response to Eric Liu: “Note of a Native Speaker” Eric Liu is a writer for MSNBC and a fellow at the New American Foundation. In his essay “ Note of a Native Speaker” he starts off listing way that characterize that he is “white”. He discussed how he did not ‘ask” to be white. That he began his assimilation‚- which means “whiting” before he was born .He described how he was raised in a non “typical “ Chinese family that
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Standardised Testing Name: Institution: Abstract This paper explores two published books that touched on pros and cons of standardized testing in schools. Popham‚ (2001) and Sacks‚ (1999) suggest that through pros a student will have to pass certain tests to determine that he or she has acquired proficiency in various fields of study. According to the two authors‚ in cons the students who have mastery of the content‚ don’t show in the test; it mostly promotes teachers to teach tests and evaluate
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time periods. The two stories both have their pros and cons of the society that is being portrayed in the text. The pros of the societies in the stories are found more in “The Voter” than in “Tribal Scars”. This mainly has to do with the fact that the society in Achebe’s story was based in a more recent time which allowed for the society to be more far and democratic and this would be the most noticeable pro throughout the stories. Another pro for “The Voter” would be that almost all of the
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