“the most distinctive and indispensable concept in contemporary psychology”. The words attitude and persuasion are often found together‚ as in the phrase persuasion and attitude change. Persuasion is an attempt to change people ’s attitudes. For example‚ advertisers try to persuade potential customers to buy a product. To do this‚ they try to create a positive attitude toward the product. Social psychologists have emphasized that an attitude is preparation for behavior. Otherwise‚ nobody would care
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Cognitions are thoughts. Dissonance means clashing. The influential thoughts of cognitive dissonance states that contradicting or clashing thoughts cause discomfort. That is‚ we have a need for consistency in our thought‚ perceptions‚ and images of ourselves (Cooper‚ Mirablie‚ & Scher‚ 2005; Festinger‚ 1957). Inconsistency‚ then‚ can motivate people to make their thoughts or attitudes agree with their actions (Oskampe & Schultz‚ 2005). The theory of cognitive dissonance in social psychology proposes
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After the purchase‚ the customer might experience dissonance about their purchase. The term ‘cognitive dissonance’ is to present that consumer are having discomfort or dissonance about the product that had been purchased. An example of cognitive dissonance is when a consumer might feel compelled to question whether he or she has made the right purchase decision. The dissatisfaction of the performance of Xiaomi Mi 4 is the cognitive dissonance. If the consumer is having dissatisfaction after purchasing
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basketball). Balance theory: the theory that people try to maintain balance among their beliefs‚ cognitions‚ and sentiments. Cognitive dissonance theory: the theory that inconsistencies between a person’s thoughts‚ sentiments‚ and actions create an aversive emotional state (dissonance) that leads to efforts to restore consistency. Effort justification: the tendency to reduce dissonance by finding reasons for why we have devoted time‚ effort‚ or money to something that has turned out to be unpleasant or
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theory of cognitive dissonance posits that when an individual ’s cognitive elements are inconsistent with each other‚ a state of cognitive dissonance exists [15‚ 27]. Also‚ it is assumed that when such a condition is present an individual develops a need to restore equilibrium [15‚ 27]. Dissonance may be aroused from various sources: decision making‚ forced compliance‚ exposure to dissonant information‚ and disagreement with others [15]. When an individual is confronted with cognitive dissonance
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Thøgersen (2000) – Psychological determinants of paying attention to eco-labels in purchase decisions!......................................................................................................................................!3! 2.2 Cognitive dissonance and Attitudes!..................................................................................................!4! 2.3 New model and Research Question!......................................................................................
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attempt to decide whether individuals induce their attitudes as observers without accessing their internal states‚ Bem used interpersonal simulations‚ in which an “observer-participant” is given a detailed description of one condition of a cognitive dissonance experiment. Subjects listened to a tape of a man enthusiastically describing a tedious peg-turning task. Some subjects were told that the man had been paid $20 for his testimonial and another group was told that he was paid $1. Those in the
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predict and explain behavior. ATTITUDES 3. Attitudes are evaluative statements concerning objects‚ people‚ or events. 4. When an employee says‚ “I make less money at this company than I could earn at another company‚” he or she is reflecting the cognitive component of an attitude. 5. The behavioral component of an attitude is made up of the beliefs‚ opinions‚ knowledge‚ or information held by a person. 6. The term attitude usually refers to the affective component. 7. The satisfaction-performance
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were exactly as they should be to be selected for the corporation presidency. Mark’s many years hard work‚ achievements and careful planning effort at corporation as manager in marketing and sales as well as last four years as vice-president were examples of behaviors of an executive who conscientiously attempted to be the man on top. Even though Mark’s role as a VP may not have required external recognition (i.e. outside corporation)‚ however‚ his appointment to numerous important committees in various
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motivation 2) Explain the learning components of motivation 3) Explain the cognitive components of motivation 4) Distinguish between the biological‚ learning‚ and cognitive components of motivation. BIOLOGICAL COMPONENT A) Origins of Human Brain Design • Based on the assumption that the human community today is the result of years of evolution‚ where we are able to adapt to the changes. B) The example of temperament • Temperament refers to how we react to the world and how
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