HISTORICAL POLITENESS IN GREAT BRITAIN Eva Marín Caballero Historical Pragmatics Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Wintersemester 2013/2014 Table of contents 1. Introduction 2. Politeness and Face-work: Background information - Definitions - A face-based model: Brown and Levinson (1987) - Politeness vs. Impoliteness 3. Politeness in the history of English - From positive to negative politeness culture - Politeness in Old English - Politeness in Middle English: curteisie - Politeness
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Maggiore† University of Bologna Bologna‚ Italy It might be supposed that subsequent applications could have originated from those ancient ideas; however ─ if modern hypotheses about them are correct ─ no progress was made during the first millennium‚ so we prefer to start the history of cam applications from the year 1000 onwards. Abstract—Cams are important mechanical devices widely used nowadays e.g. in i. c. engines‚ packaging machines and many other applications. In the past‚ they
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Introduction. The theme of my course-paper is ‘Word-formation. Conversion’. At the first part of the work I’ve wrote some lines about the term ‘word’ as the smallest independent unit of speech. Next‚ there is the definition of the field of word-formation. At the following part you can find some information about the affix word-formation of nouns‚ verbs and adjectives. The next part named ‘conversion’. Where the terms ‘conversion’ and ‘zero-derivation’ are examined which are the synonyms
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but also a working example of lives and times gone past. The history of the Tower of London begins in 1066‚ but the location was determined by buildings put up under the Romans‚ rulers of Britain from AD 43 to 410. During the second half of the 2nd century the future site of the castle was built over‚ as shown by the foundations of Roman buildings revealed beside and underneath William the Conqueror’s White Tower. It was also in this century that some features of the city’s modern street layout
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. When I decided to write this paper about the ruins of The Great Zimbabwe‚ I first chose it because I had never heard of it‚ and second‚ architecture interests me more than most other art history subjects. All I knew about Zimbabwe was that is was a country in Africa. That was it. I had no idea that the country had taken the name from these ruins and that this was arguably one of the most famous archaeological sites in Africa. So‚ needless to say‚ I had a lot of reading to do. I think
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Discuss the problem of plagiarism in today’s universities. Plagiarism is seen as a huge issue in today’s society‚ and often a top priority issue for modern university. The media often covers issues of plagiarism‚ writing editorials on the rise of cheating in college and high school‚ and a whole town’s reputation can be ruined when a story breaks (Valentine‚ 2006). This promotes the idea that plagiarism is connected to one’s ethics and morality. However‚ this was not always the case with any academic
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Women’s emancipation Never has there been a subject that has aroused as much discussion as the one of the evolution of women’s place in society. It is commonly heard that the man has been superior to the woman. This belief appeared first because of the psychological and physiological differences between both sexes. Thus‚ since the beginning of times‚ it has also been spread that women was only born to stay home‚ raise children‚ cook‚ make the house chores‚ and take care of their husband
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Between 1450 and 1700‚ attitudes toward the European poor changed dynamically‚ roughly following a three-part cycle. In the late 1400’s‚ the poor were regarded with sympathy and compassion; generous aid from both public and religious institutions was common. By the 16th Century‚ however‚ the poor were treated with suspicion and harsh measures‚ to ensure that they were not becoming lazy‚ using welfare as a substitute for labor. Beginning in the 17th Century‚ the attitudes toward the poor again shifted
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History of Cleansing Soaps Early History The earliest recorded evidence of the production of soap-like materials dates back to around 2800 BC in Ancient Babylon. In the reign of Nabonidus (556–539 BCE) a recipe for soap consisted of uhulu [ashes]‚ cypress [oil] and sesame [seed oil] "for washing the stones for the servant girls". A formula for soap consisting of water alkali‚ and cassia oil was written on a Babylonian clay tablet around 2200 BC. The Ebers papyrus (Egypt‚ 1550 BC) indicates
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Pawel S. ENG 101 essay How women suffer to be beautiful? In the article “The Price of Perfection” Robin Henig discusses the ways in which women have suffered physically‚ making changes to their body to achieve perfection. Women‚ for hundreds of years to pursue beauty have undertaken dangerous procedures such as foot binding‚ plastic surgeries‚ and wearing corsets to pursue beauty according to their cultural standards. These more or less extreme torturous procedure that women go through
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