Waste
Waste Minimization Techniques
Mike Lancaster
Green Chemistry Network
Waste Treatment
Cost of Waste
PREVENT
TREAT & DISPOSE
DISPOSE
Cost of Waste
Legislation
1900
2000
1
Waste Minimization Techniques
•
•
•
•
Prevention is better than cure
Get it right at the R&D stage
Chemists do not have all the answers!
The answer lies within a multi-disciplinary team
–
–
–
–
–
chemists chemical engineers production business health, safety, environment specialists
– control engineers, environmental scientists, consultants/ etc
Table 2 Role of Teams in developing a new process selection
Chemist
Yield
Purity
Selectivity
By-product
identification
Mechamism
Chem.Eng.
Flow sheet
Heat & mass transfer Process costs
Equipment
choice
Product
isolation
Production
SHE
Operability
Emissions
Convenience for Waste treatment shifts Operator safety Regulatory compliance Materials
Operator safety handling Business
Production cost
Waste disposal cost Product packaging Product liability
Product quality
2
Waste & Production
Emissions to atmosphere
Inputs: reactants solvents auxiliaries (impurities)
Market
Production
Recycle
Products
Discharges
(treatment)
By-products for reuse elsewhere Emissions to land
Emissions to water
Waste Reduction Possibilities
Emissions to atmosphere
Inputs: reactants solvents auxiliaries (impurities)
Market
Production
Recycle
Products
Discharges
(treatment)
By-products for reuse elsewhere Emissions to land
Emissions to water
3
Waste Reduction Possibilities
• Inputs
– eco friendly solvents, high purity reagents, recyclable auxiliaries, lass hazardous materials
• Production
– change time, T& P, reactor types, mixing, heat transfer
– new route, appropriate cleaning
• Discharges
– reduce water volume, improved scrubbers, waste water clean up, mineralization of organics
• By-products
–
Mike Lancaster
Green Chemistry Network
Waste Treatment
Cost of Waste
PREVENT
TREAT & DISPOSE
DISPOSE
Cost of Waste
Legislation
1900
2000
1
Waste Minimization Techniques
•
•
•
•
Prevention is better than cure
Get it right at the R&D stage
Chemists do not have all the answers!
The answer lies within a multi-disciplinary team
–
–
–
–
–
chemists chemical engineers production business health, safety, environment specialists
– control engineers, environmental scientists, consultants/ etc
Table 2 Role of Teams in developing a new process selection
Chemist
Yield
Purity
Selectivity
By-product
identification
Mechamism
Chem.Eng.
Flow sheet
Heat & mass transfer Process costs
Equipment
choice
Product
isolation
Production
SHE
Operability
Emissions
Convenience for Waste treatment shifts Operator safety Regulatory compliance Materials
Operator safety handling Business
Production cost
Waste disposal cost Product packaging Product liability
Product quality
2
Waste & Production
Emissions to atmosphere
Inputs: reactants solvents auxiliaries (impurities)
Market
Production
Recycle
Products
Discharges
(treatment)
By-products for reuse elsewhere Emissions to land
Emissions to water
Waste Reduction Possibilities
Emissions to atmosphere
Inputs: reactants solvents auxiliaries (impurities)
Market
Production
Recycle
Products
Discharges
(treatment)
By-products for reuse elsewhere Emissions to land
Emissions to water
3
Waste Reduction Possibilities
• Inputs
– eco friendly solvents, high purity reagents, recyclable auxiliaries, lass hazardous materials
• Production
– change time, T& P, reactor types, mixing, heat transfer
– new route, appropriate cleaning
• Discharges
– reduce water volume, improved scrubbers, waste water clean up, mineralization of organics
• By-products
–