Preview

Signal &System

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
11991 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Signal &System
Wireless Information Transmission System Lab.

Chapter 4 Characterization of Communication Signals and Systems

Reference: Chapter 6, Communication Systems, 4th Edition. by Simon Haykin Institute of Communications Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University

Table of Contents
4.1 Representation of Band-Pass Signals and Systems
4.1.1 Representation of Band-Pass Signals 4.1.2 Representation of Linear Band-Pass Systems 4.1.3 Response of a Band-Pass System to a Band-Pass Signal 4.1.4 Representation of Band-Pass Stationary Stochastic Processes

4.2 Signal Space Representations
4.2.1 Vector Space Concepts 4.2.2 Signal Space Concepts 4.2.3 Orthogonal Expansions of Signals
2

Table of Contents
4.3 Representation of Digitally Modulated Signals
4.3.1 Memoryless Modulation Methods 4.3.2 Linear Modulation with Memory 4.3.3 Non-linear Modulation Methods with Memory – CPFSK and CPM

4.4 Spectral Characteristics of Digitally Modulated Signals
4.4.1 Power Spectra of Linearly Modulated Signals 4.4.2 Power Spectra of CPFSK and CPM Signals (*) 4.4.3 Power Spectra of Modulated Signals with Memory (*)
3

4.1 Representation of Band-Pass Signals and Systems The channel over which the signal is transmitted is limited in bandwidth to an interval of frequencies centered about the carrier. Signals and channels (systems) that satisfy the condition that their bandwidth is much smaller than the carrier frequency are termed narrowband band-pass signals and channels (systems). With no loss of generality and for mathematical convenience, it is desirable to reduce all band-pass signals and channels to equivalent low-pass signals and channels.
4

4.1.1 Representation of Band-Pass Signals
Suppose that a real-valued signal s(t) has a frequency content concentrated in a narrow band of frequencies in the vicinity of a frequency fc, as shown in the following figure:

Spectrum of a band-pass signal.

Our object is to develop a mathematical representation of such signals.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    Unit 9 Exercise 1

    • 1118 Words
    • 5 Pages

    6. Modulation Speed: (1) Coding of information onto the carrier frequency. Types of modulation include amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), and phase modulation (PM). (2) When light is emitted by a medium, it is coherent, meaning that it is in a fixed-phase relationship within fixed points of the light wave. The light is used because it is a continuous, or sinusoidal, wave (a white or blank form) upon which a signal can be super imposed by modulation of that form. The modulation is a variation imposed upon this white form, a variation of amplitude, frequency, or phase of the light. There are two basic forms of this modulation: one by an analog form, another by a digital signal. This signal is created in the form of the “intelligence” and superimposed…

    • 1118 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Nt1330 Unit 4

    • 3225 Words
    • 13 Pages

    ____ signals by nature transmit on only one frequency or a very narrow portion of the frequencies.…

    • 3225 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    A radio signal is an electromagnetic wave propagated by an antenna. Radio waves have different frequencies, and by tuning a receiver’s radio at a specific frequency, you can pick up a signal, because the starting point, or direction of the wave changes. An interesting aspect of radio waves is that each wireless technology has its “small band” available.…

    • 878 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Semester 2 Assessment November 2012 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering ELEN20005 FOUNDATIONS OF ELECTRICAL NETWORKS Time allowed: 180 minutes Reading time: 15 minutes This paper has 28 pages including the 3-page Formulae Sheet The test is printed single-sided.…

    • 2599 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Midterm Test

    • 562 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Student Name: Student ID: • This is a closed book in-class examination. Only a non-programmable calculator is allowed. • No questions related to the contents of the exam will be answered during the examination. • If you think the question is not clear, use your own assumption(s) and explain why. • Answer all three questions. Each question carries equal weight. • Total time allowed is 110 minutes. 1. AM signals are demodulated by a squaring device followed by a ideal low-pass filter (LPF) and a DC blocker as shown in Figure 1. The baseband message signal is denoted as m(t). (a) Determine the expressions for signals (in time domain) at points A, B, C and D in terms of m(t). (b) Assuming A >> mp , show that y(t) yields m(t). Here, A is the amplitude of the carrier signal, mp = max|m(t)|. (c) If m(t) = 2cos(2π × 100t) + sin(2π × 150t) and carrier signal 5cos(2π × 1000t), calculate the power efficiency of this transmission. (d) For the message signal in (c), what is the lower sideband signal (LSB) in time domain? (e) For the…

    • 562 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    References: Frenzel , L. E. (2012). Unlock spectral efficiency with digital modulation. Electronic Design, 60(2), 46-53.…

    • 523 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Technology is constantly changing in communications. The analog signal was used for several years and was limited in number and did not have the ability to handle the amount of data interchange used today, because of the size requirements. Analog signals are still used today, but are more complex and are in most circumstances converted to a digital signal. This paper will compare the different types of analog and digital technology we used and are currently using today.…

    • 1657 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Polarization shift keying (PolSK) is a new modulation technique, it uses the state of polarization of an electromagnetic wave carrier as the information bearing parameter. This paper describes a…

    • 3087 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) has twice the bandwidth efficiency of BPSK since two bits are transmitted in a single modulation symbol. In the phase of the carrier takes on one of four equally spaced values, such as 0, π/2,π and 3π/2, where each value of phase corresponds to a unique pair of message bits. The Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signal for this set of symbol states may be defined as…

    • 1665 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Radix-4 Booth Multiplier

    • 5326 Words
    • 22 Pages

    | DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERINGKOUSTUV INSTITUTE OF SELF DOMAIN (Affiliated to BPUT University)Bhubaneswar -751024, Orissa, India.NOVEMBER 2009…

    • 5326 Words
    • 22 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    In tropical country like India, Deodorants are considered to be essential personal care product from grooming perspective, to prevent body odour and make you feel fresh.…

    • 1536 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Basic of signalling engineering

    • 43595 Words
    • 175 Pages

    “ This is the Intellectual property for exclusive use of Indian Railways. No part of this publication…

    • 43595 Words
    • 175 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Mwehehe

    • 2300 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Abstract – The receivers used to list Amplitude Modulation – Double Sideband Carrier (AM-DSBC) as the simplest receivers of any radio modulation technique; which may be why that version of amplitude modulation is still widely used today [1]. Amplitude modulation techniques are well established and understood when implemented with analog circuits and in Simulink. Since amplitude modulation is one of the earliest radios’ modulation techniques, this study illustrated the small part of its larger system. It examined and modeled the process of generating amplitude-modulate using MatLab – Simulink and Multisim program with a modulating frequency (message signal) of 2Hz and a carrier frequency of 50Hz having an ideal modulation of 100%. Also, this study compared three different results of an AM signal through Matlab Code Simulink, and Multisim system. The history of generating amplitude-modulated signal will also be tackled. Lastly, this study will evaluate the disadvantages and advantages of using amplitude modulation process.…

    • 2300 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    A Thesis Topic Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the Department of Electronics & Communications Engineering College of Engineering, De La Salle University…

    • 5374 Words
    • 22 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    research paper

    • 796 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Time Table for the Semester Monsoon 2013 Version 2: 24.7.2013 8.30 – 9.55 AM. Mon Tue Intro to Databases-SH1 OS(PG)-SH2 Game Theory for CS-101 Structural Dynamics-102 Speech Signal Processing-103 Cloud Computing-104 Embedded Hardware Design203 Statistical Methods in AI-204 Economics & Organization-CR2 Intro to Linguistics-B4-301 General Physics-B4-304 BMSID-101 Analog & Mixed Signal Design102 Number Theory & Cryptology103 Seismic Evaluation & SB-201 Ecological & Geospatial Modeling-301 Intro to Gauge Theories-302 ES1(Gr-B)-304 Spatial Informatics-101 Web Mining-102 Scripting & Computer Environments-103 Applied Attention Theory-201 Research in Information…

    • 796 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays

Related Topics