Preview

Research

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
2984 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Research
Valenzuela City Science High School A. Marcelo St. Dalandanan, Valenzuela City

This investigatory project entitled

Comparative Study on the Antibacterial Assays of

Kamias (Averrhoa bilimbi) Leaf Extract and

Garlic (Allium sativum) Bulb Extract

against Escherichia coli

Is submitted to
Mrs. Merlyn M. Gamboa

In partial fulfillment of the requirements in Chemistry

Submitted by:
Del Rosario, Lea Joy
Salih, Chandler Jay
Serrano, Ayra Mari
Sumayang, Noel
Taguinod, Joshua Cedric
III – Meyer

Date:
January 7, 2013
Chapter 1
Introduction
Background of the Study

Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms (endoderm’s). Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some serotypes can cause serious food poisoning in humans, and are occasionally responsible for product recalls. The harmless strains are part of the normal flora of the gut, and can benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K2, and by preventing the establishment of pathogenic bacteria within the intestine. It causes illnesses like typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, and food borne.

This strain of bacteria, according to studies and research, is confirmed to be inhibited by organic compounds produced and contained in extracts of kamias leaves and garlic bulbs. These two organic products are commonly used in adding flavor to food and they both exhibit their antibacterial properties on the same strain of bacteria. So, this study aims to compare the observable characteristics of the extracts and the statistical values of the effectiveness and rates of inhibition of the extracts produced from the two organic products against E. coli.

Statement of the Problem

Main Problem:

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of kamias leaf extract and garlic extract as antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli.


Bibliography: "Escherichia coli - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Jan. 2013. "Garlic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "Kamias/Averrhoa Bilimbi/Cucumber Tree/Huang Gua Shu.” Philippine Medical Plants/Philippine Alternative Medicine. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Jan. 2013. . "What Is E. Coli? (Escherichia Coli)." Medical News Today: Health News. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Jan. 2013. http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/68511.php Chapter 7
Continue Reading
View Writing Issues

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Shiga Toxin Producing E. Coli O26
    • 1198 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Shiga Toxin Producing E. Coli O26

    Escherichia coli are gram- negative bacteria that are normally found within the gut of warm bloodied organisms. There are several strains of E. coli that exist as part of the normal flora of the human digestive system. They prevent harmful bacteria from establishing themselves in the intestines, and they also aide in the production of vitamin K2. Most E. coli strains are not harmful to humans, except for serotype O157:H7, which causes food poisiong and can be life threatening. There are other less common serotypes of E. coli. We will be discussing Escherichia coli O26, which has been linked to an outbreak involving raw clover sprouts.…

    • 1198 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Aglo Transformation Lab Report
    • 463 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Aglo Transformation Lab Report

    coli is a gram negative, bacterium found in the lower intestine of warm blooded organisms. Although E.coli strains are harmless there are serotypes that can cause food poisoning in humans. [2] Harmless strains can be found in the flora of the gut and produce vitamin k¬¬2 and prevent pathogenic bacteria from establishing and are therefore beneficial to the host. The major cause for disease is fecal to oral transmission. It is an ideal candidate for bacterial transformation because it is made of only one cell, reproduces every 20 minutes, is not harmful to people, and cannot survive outside the…

    • 463 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Eschericia Coli "The Bacterial Beast"
    • 695 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Eschericia Coli "The Bacterial Beast"

    Escherichia coli is a heterotrophic bacteria that is most commonly found within the small intestines of humans and other animals. This bacteria survives by getting its nutrition through ingesting unused or undigested nutrients in the bowels of its host. If ingested by humans or other mammals, E. coli causes food poisoning and serious infection. There are currently many different strains of E. coli and every living human carries at least one of them in their intestines. Although most strains are harmless there are a few that cause serious ailment. E. coli is a gram negative bacterial cell that consists of a very thin exterior membrane that covers a layer of peptidoglycan and ends with another thin membrane. E. coli is a bacillus or rod shaped, chemoheterotrophic bacteria cell that respires with anaerobic respiration using inorganic materials. E. coli is also a prokaryotic cell that reproduces asexually through binary fission for reproduction instead of meiosis.…

    • 695 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Best Essays

    Unknown Rport on Bacillus cereus
    • 2885 Words
    • 12 Pages

    Unknown Rport on Bacillus cereus

    Bacillus cereus, a commonly occurring pathogen which can survive in remarkably hostile conditions, is typically found in soil. B. cereus has been recognized as an agent of food poisoning since 1955. The natural environmental reservoir for B. cereus consists of decaying organic matter, fresh and marine waters, vegetables and fomites, and the intestinal tract of invertebrates, from which soil and food products may become contaminated, leading to the transient colonization of the human intestine. Illness associated with B. cereus can occur when heat-resistant B. cereus endospores survive cooking. If the food is then inadequately refrigerated or held for extended periods at improper temperatures the endospores can germinate and multiply. Once the spores germinate, the vegetative cells can multiply and produce illness causing enterotoxins. Bacillus cereus is known to cause two distinctly different types of food-borne illness. The first type of illness, referred to as the Rapid-onset (Emetic) Vomiting-type, is characterized by nausea and vomiting. The incubation period ranges from 1 to 6 hours. Both the symptomology and incubation period mirror those of Staphylococcus aureus. The second type of illness, generally referred to as the Slow-onset Diarrheal-type, is characterized by diarrhea and…

    • 2885 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Best Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Escherichia Coli Research Paper
    • 425 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Escherichia Coli Research Paper

    contaminated fruits or vegetables, as well by drinking raw fruit juices or milk, or sewage…

    • 425 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Unknown Microorganism
    • 1335 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Unknown Microorganism

    Most types of Escherichia coli are harmless and are actually a part of a healthy human intestinal tract but some are pathogenic. It can be transmitted multiple ways; fecal-oral route, fecal contamination of water, food or fomites, poor sanitation and hygiene (General Microbiology Fact Sheet). A person can show signs and symptoms of Escherichia coli which include fever, bloody diarrhea, may result in hypotension with severe toxemia. The incubation period is 12-72 hours. Knowing the steps and process of finding an unknown is helpful when it comes to the different types of bacteria’s and which are harmful to the body and how to treat…

    • 1335 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Enterococcus Faecalis Sensitivity Towards Ampicillin, Penicillin, and Tetracycline
    • 1386 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Enterococcus Faecalis Sensitivity Towards Ampicillin, Penicillin, and Tetracycline

    Enterococci are bacteria that are included in the intestinal flora of humans and are relatively harmless. One method Enterococci maintain a symbiotic relationship is by hydrolyzing esculin in the presence of bile (Susan L. Fraser, 2012). However Enterococci are in the top three-nosocomial infections. When infected, enterococci can cause numerous infections such as urinary tract infection coupled with fever (Susan L. Fraser, 2012). More specifically, Enterococcus Faecalis causes urinary tract infections.…

    • 1386 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Growth Of E. Coli Lab Report
    • 1935 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Growth Of E. Coli Lab Report

    An Escherichia coli is a rod-shaped bacterium measuring about 2.5µm by 0.5µm. It is found in the guts of vertebrates. E. coli is a normal resident of the human colon and therefore grows ideally at 37 0C. In fact, the presence of most strains of E. coli keeps other more harmful bacteria away by starving them of food.…

    • 1935 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    How Does Escherichia Coli A Rod-Shaped Gram-Negative Bacteria
    • 284 Words
    • 2 Pages

    How Does Escherichia Coli A Rod-Shaped Gram-Negative Bacteria

    Escherichia coli is a rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family, which owns the usual flora and can be be as pathogenic Human IN DUE can be cause diarrhea. The rational NOT USE ON antibiotics Infectious diseases can be causing the occurrence of resistance so that the necessary alternative to using Active Ingredients antimicrobial From medicinal plants. Turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.) It is a prayer One Crop Growing in Indonesia That can be used as a medicinal plant. BECAUSE containing Active Compounds form of curcumin, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and Yang has a function as an antibacterial function. Singer study conducted to determine ACTIVITIES review antibacterial extract turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.) Against the growth of Escherichia coli isolates from diarrhea patients in Hospital Muhammadiyah Palembang.…

    • 284 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    AP Human Geography: Questions And Answers
    • 2460 Words
    • 10 Pages

    AP Human Geography: Questions And Answers

    27. Fecal coliform bacteria: various strains of E. Coli to detect the presence of infectious agents in water…

    • 2460 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    E. Coli Affects The Digestive System
    • 216 Words
    • 1 Page

    E. Coli Affects The Digestive System

    E.coli is actually Escherichia coli named after Theodor Escherichia a german pediatrician. He discovered the bacteria in 1885. This paper will be about the body system in which E. coli affects, which is the digestive system. The digestive system is where urination happens, and excretion,and the process in which the body breaks down food and takes out important proteins, minerals, and vitamins. The next paragraph is about the structure and function of E. coli which shows how the bacteria is built and how it works. The Third paragraph is about the malfunction of E.coli or what the bacteria does in the body.This is the overview of this research paper.…

    • 216 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    E. Coli Bacteria
    • 437 Words
    • 2 Pages

    E. Coli Bacteria

    E. coli is gram-negative bacilli tested in clinical settings from stool specimens. The tests detect the presence of disease causing pathogens of E. coli that produce Shiga toxins. E. coli bacteria commonly occur in nature and they are a necessary component of the digestive process in humans and most other mammals. Most strains of E. coli are harmless, but pathogenic E. coli can be responsible for inflammation of the stomach and intestines. To destroy E. coli the contaminated…

    • 437 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Eubacteria-E.coli
    • 1616 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Eubacteria-E.coli

    Escherichia coli, also known as E. coli is a bacterium that is commonly found in the gut of endotherms (warm blooded organisms).…

    • 1616 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Bacterial Activity Lab Report
    • 939 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Bacterial Activity Lab Report

    The results show that tea tree and eucalyptus have about the same antibacterial activity as the positive control (ampicillin) used in this experiment. Oregano and colloidal silver’s zone of inhibition were closer to h2O, which concludes that at the amount used for both there is no antibacterial…

    • 939 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Review of Related Literature in the Past Chili Was Used Only as Spices Because of Its Taste. Later on, It Was Discovered as a Good Mosquito Killer Because of Its Pesticidal Property. While Kamias (Ginger Lily) Was Also
    • 486 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Review of Related Literature in the Past Chili Was Used Only as Spices Because of Its Taste. Later on, It Was Discovered as a Good Mosquito Killer Because of Its Pesticidal Property. While Kamias (Ginger Lily) Was Also

    While kamias (ginger lily) was also used in food spices before. Later on, it was discovered by Battistelli in 1939 that it has properties such as astringent, stomachic, refrigerant and antiscorbutic. Some of the researchers now are having kamias as wine but in this study the researcher wants to test the properties of the kamias fruit together with the chili.…

    • 486 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More

Related Topics