IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANG
ASSESSING TRANSPORTATION AND ROAD CONDITIONS IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA USING GEOINFORMATICS, WITH FOCUS ON IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE.
By:
Dr. Onuigbo, Ifeanyi C.
Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics
Federal University of Technology, Minna
Phone: (234) 8035968702, E-mail: anyionuigbo2006@yahoo.com
And
Adewuyi Babatunde
DataNET Consults Ltd, Minna
Phone: (234) 8068166939, E-mail: adex22ng@yahoo.com Abstract
The importance of transportation was established in the study. Also the impacts of climate change on transportation were highlighted. Transportation itself was found to be contributing to climate change through the emissions of Carbon from vehicles. Road transport sector is a significant and growing contributor to green house emissions which scientists have linked to be the major cause of global warming. Road deterioration database was generated in the study. Multimedia road deterioration database was developed. Modelling of the environmental factors affecting roads was done, and multiple regression equations were developed. The analysis showed the effects of the environmental factors on roads. It was found that environmental and climatic factors contribute to road deterioration. Recommendations were made on how to monitor road conditions and improve on road transportation in the study area.
Key Words: Geoinformatics, Climate Change, Global Warming, Transportation, Database
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Transportation in General
Transportation is linked to all aspects of life; leisure, business, education, and industry - all depend on transportation. All over the world, transportation has impacted the environment immensely by dictating how people and goods move and the trend of socio-economic development. The demand for transportation has been shown to directly be related to growth in population and incomes globally. For example, in the past decade, average per capita income increased by 26% whereas world population increase was 20%
By:
Dr. Onuigbo, Ifeanyi C.
Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics
Federal University of Technology, Minna
Phone: (234) 8035968702, E-mail: anyionuigbo2006@yahoo.com
And
Adewuyi Babatunde
DataNET Consults Ltd, Minna
Phone: (234) 8068166939, E-mail: adex22ng@yahoo.com Abstract
The importance of transportation was established in the study. Also the impacts of climate change on transportation were highlighted. Transportation itself was found to be contributing to climate change through the emissions of Carbon from vehicles. Road transport sector is a significant and growing contributor to green house emissions which scientists have linked to be the major cause of global warming. Road deterioration database was generated in the study. Multimedia road deterioration database was developed. Modelling of the environmental factors affecting roads was done, and multiple regression equations were developed. The analysis showed the effects of the environmental factors on roads. It was found that environmental and climatic factors contribute to road deterioration. Recommendations were made on how to monitor road conditions and improve on road transportation in the study area.
Key Words: Geoinformatics, Climate Change, Global Warming, Transportation, Database
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Transportation in General
Transportation is linked to all aspects of life; leisure, business, education, and industry - all depend on transportation. All over the world, transportation has impacted the environment immensely by dictating how people and goods move and the trend of socio-economic development. The demand for transportation has been shown to directly be related to growth in population and incomes globally. For example, in the past decade, average per capita income increased by 26% whereas world population increase was 20%
References: Ajayi and Dosunmu (2002). Environmental hazards of importing used vehicles into Nigeria: Proceedings of International Symposium on Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Management 7-10 January 2002, Tunis (EPCOWM’2002), p.521-532. Andrey, J., Carpenter, S. R., W. A. Brock, and P. C. Hanson.( 1999a). Ecological and social dynamics in simple models of ecosystem management. Conservation Ecology 3(2):4. (Online, URL: http://www.consecol.org/vol3/iss2/art4). Dosunmu, O. (1998), “Emission Inventory for Lagos City, 1980 – 2010”. Journal of the Nigerian Society of Chemical Engineers, 17 (1&2); pp95-102. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), (2007). Jan F, Berntsen, Terje and Jan S. Fuglestvedt, 2008. Global temperature responses to current emissions from the transport sectors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 105 (49): pp. 19154-19159. Mills B. and J. Andery (2002): Climate Change and Transportation: Potential Interaction and Impact proceeding at the UN Transportation workshop, Washington DC Parry M. L. et al. in Climate Change (2007): Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC Technical Summary, 23–78 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2007). Perrings, C., and B. Walker. 1995. Biodiversity loss and the economics of discontinuous change in semiarid rangelands. Pages 190–210 in C. Perrings, K.-G. Maler, C. Folke, C. S. Holling, and B.-O. Jansson, editors. Biodiversity loss. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.