Grammer of English
The Category of Mood
1. The meaning of this category is the attitude of the speaker towards the content of the s-ce, weather the speaker considers the action real, unreal, desirable, necessary, etc. (Cobrina)
2. There are 3 moods in English – the indicative mood, the imperative mood & the subjunctive mood.
The Indicative Mood
The InM form is used to represent an action or state as a real fact. It may denote actions with different time-reference & aspective characteristics in the active & passive voice.
The Imperative Mood
1. The ImMood represents an action or state as desirable & expresses a request or a command [kəma:nd]- Open the window,please., order – Come here!, instruction – Chop the onions & fry them in oil., prohibition – Don’t touch that., invitation – Come to us tonight., warning – Be careful., persuasion [pəswei3n]побуждение, addressed to smb. The imperative s-ces usually have no subject. The s-ces are pronounced with a falling intonation, in writing they end in a full stop or exclamation mark. The imperative mood form can’t be used in questions.
2. The ImM form has no tense or aspect categories (but be listening to me next time - progr. form, be warned – passive form smts occur).
3. It’s formed by means of a stem of the verb. – come here! Do be quiet! Да успокойтесь же! (emphatic)
4. the negative form is built by means of the auxiliary do + the particle NOT (contracted form don’t) + the stem of the verb – Do not be fool! Don’t worry.
5. to make the command softer we can add a tag-element with will, would or can/could you, the word please, the rising tone, or make a general q-n beginning with will/would. – Speak louder, please. Would you, will you, could you…
6. Im s-ces with a subject
The subject is used to suggest irritation/anger or insistence – you be quiet.
To emphasize a pronoun or noun may be used – Nobody move!
Not to confuse the addressee – Peter stay here.(subject) Peter, stay here. (addressee)
7. in commands &
1. The meaning of this category is the attitude of the speaker towards the content of the s-ce, weather the speaker considers the action real, unreal, desirable, necessary, etc. (Cobrina)
2. There are 3 moods in English – the indicative mood, the imperative mood & the subjunctive mood.
The Indicative Mood
The InM form is used to represent an action or state as a real fact. It may denote actions with different time-reference & aspective characteristics in the active & passive voice.
The Imperative Mood
1. The ImMood represents an action or state as desirable & expresses a request or a command [kəma:nd]- Open the window,please., order – Come here!, instruction – Chop the onions & fry them in oil., prohibition – Don’t touch that., invitation – Come to us tonight., warning – Be careful., persuasion [pəswei3n]побуждение, addressed to smb. The imperative s-ces usually have no subject. The s-ces are pronounced with a falling intonation, in writing they end in a full stop or exclamation mark. The imperative mood form can’t be used in questions.
2. The ImM form has no tense or aspect categories (but be listening to me next time - progr. form, be warned – passive form smts occur).
3. It’s formed by means of a stem of the verb. – come here! Do be quiet! Да успокойтесь же! (emphatic)
4. the negative form is built by means of the auxiliary do + the particle NOT (contracted form don’t) + the stem of the verb – Do not be fool! Don’t worry.
5. to make the command softer we can add a tag-element with will, would or can/could you, the word please, the rising tone, or make a general q-n beginning with will/would. – Speak louder, please. Would you, will you, could you…
6. Im s-ces with a subject
The subject is used to suggest irritation/anger or insistence – you be quiet.
To emphasize a pronoun or noun may be used – Nobody move!
Not to confuse the addressee – Peter stay here.(subject) Peter, stay here. (addressee)
7. in commands &