Globalization, Cooperatives and Credit Groups
Name: Rapetswa K.G
Student no.: 46613803
DVA160-1: Assignment no.04
Topic: Non-governmental organizations, credit groups and cooperatives
Due date: 16 September 2013
Table of contents Page No.
1. Introduction 1
2. Types of non-governmental organizations 1
2.1. NGO type by level of orientation 1-2
2.2. NGO type by level of cooperation 2
3. Cooperatives and credit groups 2-3
3.1. Developmental roles of cooperatives 3-4
3.2. Developmental roles of credit groups 4-5
3.3. Functions of cooperatives 5
3.4. Functions of credit groups 5-6
4. Conclusion 6
5. Bibliography 6-7
1. INTRODUCTION
In my assignment I will explain various types of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the levels at which they operate. I am going to discuss cooperatives and credit groups basing my arguments on their developmental roles and functions. I will also give my own point of view on NGOs, cooperatives and credit groups.
Professor Willets defined a non-governmental organization as "an independent voluntary association of people acting together on a continuous basis, for some common purpose, other than achieving government office, making money or illegal activities". More broadly, Willets sees NGOs as part of a politicodemocratic process, insofar as they engage in national and international dialogues on social direction or, as he puts it, in ' a social expression of values '.
2. TYPES OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
William, C. (1991) pointed out that NGO types can be understood by their orientation level and level of cooperation. Sushant (2010) argued that the NGOs can be classified into various types on the basis of different factors like orientation and cooperation.
2.1. NGO type by level of orientation
"NGO type by orientation can be grouped into charitable orientation, service orientation, participatory orientation and empowering orientation" (Sushant, 2010). Lawry (2009:29-30) listed the orientation level type as
Student no.: 46613803
DVA160-1: Assignment no.04
Topic: Non-governmental organizations, credit groups and cooperatives
Due date: 16 September 2013
Table of contents Page No.
1. Introduction 1
2. Types of non-governmental organizations 1
2.1. NGO type by level of orientation 1-2
2.2. NGO type by level of cooperation 2
3. Cooperatives and credit groups 2-3
3.1. Developmental roles of cooperatives 3-4
3.2. Developmental roles of credit groups 4-5
3.3. Functions of cooperatives 5
3.4. Functions of credit groups 5-6
4. Conclusion 6
5. Bibliography 6-7
1. INTRODUCTION
In my assignment I will explain various types of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the levels at which they operate. I am going to discuss cooperatives and credit groups basing my arguments on their developmental roles and functions. I will also give my own point of view on NGOs, cooperatives and credit groups.
Professor Willets defined a non-governmental organization as "an independent voluntary association of people acting together on a continuous basis, for some common purpose, other than achieving government office, making money or illegal activities". More broadly, Willets sees NGOs as part of a politicodemocratic process, insofar as they engage in national and international dialogues on social direction or, as he puts it, in ' a social expression of values '.
2. TYPES OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
William, C. (1991) pointed out that NGO types can be understood by their orientation level and level of cooperation. Sushant (2010) argued that the NGOs can be classified into various types on the basis of different factors like orientation and cooperation.
2.1. NGO type by level of orientation
"NGO type by orientation can be grouped into charitable orientation, service orientation, participatory orientation and empowering orientation" (Sushant, 2010). Lawry (2009:29-30) listed the orientation level type as
Bibliography: 2.1. NGO type by level of orientation "NGO type by orientation can be grouped into charitable orientation, service orientation, participatory orientation and empowering orientation" (Sushant, 2010) 2.2. NGO type by level of cooperation "NGO type by cooperation can be grouped into community-based organizations (CBOs), Citywide organizations, National NGOs and International NGOs" (Sushant, 2010) 3.1. Developmental roles of cooperatives Gertler (2001) stated that "cooperatives are community-based, rooted in democracy, flexible and have participatory involvement, which makes them well suited for economic development" · Gertler, M. (2001): Rural Cooperatives and Sustainable Development, Saskatoon. SK: Centre for the Study of Cooperatives, University of Saskatoon. · Gibson, R. (2005):The Role of Cooperatives in Community Economic Development, RDI Working Paper # 2003-3 · Henehan, B · Huppi, M. & Feder, G. (1990):The Role of Groups and Credit Cooperatives in Rural Lending, WorldBank Res Obs, SC2:187-204 · Laidlaw, L · Levin, M. (2002):The Promotion of Cooperatives,ILO Cooperative branch at www.ica.coop.europe/ra/2002/speech. · McLeod, A. (December 2006):Types of Cooperatives: Northwest Cooperatives Development Center. · Somavia, J. (2002):JLO Recommendations No 193 on Cooperatives, at www.ica.coop.europe.ra/2002/speech. · Sushant (August 30, 2010): Types of NGOs. · William, C. :Non-Governemntal Initiatives in ADB, The urban poor and basic infrastructure services in Sia and the Pacific. Asian Development Bank, Mania, 1991.