Gender Inequality in Education and Workplace
i
Abstract
Nowadays, on average, more women have higher education and higher position in workplace than before but inequality still persists. Therefore, the topic of gender inequality in education and workplace is the one which is popular in every community as well as one of the most pressing issues discussed regularly in most of countries’ government around the world. Within the scope of this paper, the issue of gender inequality in education and workplace is examined in the way in which not only the root reasons of gender inequality in education and workplace but also its effects on the society and the economy are addressed to suggest the right measures to shorten gender gaps in education and workplace upon the comparative perspective between some selective countries by using qualitative methods. In addition, the results of the online survey conducted in
Germany and Vietnam are analysed as well to get a practical knowledge about the gender differences in education and workplace in both countries.
Key words: gender inequality, education and workplace, gender gap, Germany, Vietnam
ii
Contents
1
A summary of the Global Gender Gap Report 2012 ................................................................. 1
2
The causes and effects of gender gap in education and workplace ......................................... 2
2.1
2.2
3
Gender inequality in education .......................................................................................... 2
Gender inequality in workplace ......................................................................................... 4
The solutions to shorten gender gap in education and workplace ............................................ 6
3.1
A comparable approach of the interventions to increase gender parity in primary and secondary education ................................................................................................................... 6
3.2
The policy
Abstract
Nowadays, on average, more women have higher education and higher position in workplace than before but inequality still persists. Therefore, the topic of gender inequality in education and workplace is the one which is popular in every community as well as one of the most pressing issues discussed regularly in most of countries’ government around the world. Within the scope of this paper, the issue of gender inequality in education and workplace is examined in the way in which not only the root reasons of gender inequality in education and workplace but also its effects on the society and the economy are addressed to suggest the right measures to shorten gender gaps in education and workplace upon the comparative perspective between some selective countries by using qualitative methods. In addition, the results of the online survey conducted in
Germany and Vietnam are analysed as well to get a practical knowledge about the gender differences in education and workplace in both countries.
Key words: gender inequality, education and workplace, gender gap, Germany, Vietnam
ii
Contents
1
A summary of the Global Gender Gap Report 2012 ................................................................. 1
2
The causes and effects of gender gap in education and workplace ......................................... 2
2.1
2.2
3
Gender inequality in education .......................................................................................... 2
Gender inequality in workplace ......................................................................................... 4
The solutions to shorten gender gap in education and workplace ............................................ 6
3.1
A comparable approach of the interventions to increase gender parity in primary and secondary education ................................................................................................................... 6
3.2
The policy
References: In the Global Gender Gap Report 2012 (Hausmann, Tyson, and Zahidi, 2012), four fundamental pillars (subindexes) including economic participation and opportunity, educational and of opportunity costs of education to the family (Abu-Ghaida, 2004). On the other hand, some other factors influencing directly on the gender gap in education includes: those of boys for the family (Al-Mekhlafy, 2008).