Constructing a Questionaire
Constructing a Questionnaire The Steps in a Survey Project 1.Establish the goals of the project - What you want to learn?
2.Determine your sample - Who you will ask?
3.Choose interviewing methodology - How you will ask?
4.Create your questionnaire - What you will ask?
5.Pre-test the questionnaire, if practical - Test the questions.
6.Analyze the data - Produce the reports.
Questionnaire
Question Type 1
Dichotomous Questions
When a question has two possible responses, we consider it dichotomous. Surveys often use dichotomous questions that ask for a Yes/No, True/False or Agree/Disagree response. There are a variety of ways to lay these questions out on a questionnaire:
Questions Based on Level Of Measurement
We might ask respondents to rank order their preferences for presidential candidates using an ordinal question:
We want the respondent to put a 1, 2, 3 or 4 next to the candidate, where 1 is the respondent's first choice. Note that this could get confusing. We might want to state the prompt more explicitly so the respondent knows we want a number from one to 4 (the respondent might check their favorite candidate, or assign higher numbers to candidates they prefer more instead of understanding that we want rank ordering).
We can also construct survey questions that attempt to measure on an interval level. One of the most common of these types is the traditional 1-to-5 rating (or 1-to-7, or 1-to-9, etc.). This is sometimes referred to as a Likert response scale (see Likert Scaling). Here, we see how we might ask an opinion question on a 1-to-5 bipolar scale (it's called bipolar because there is a neutral point and the two ends of the scale are at opposite positions of the opinion):
Another interval question uses an approach called the semantic differential. Here, an object is assessed by the respondent on a set of bipolar adjective pairs (using 5-point rating scale):
Finally, we can also get at interval measures by using
2.Determine your sample - Who you will ask?
3.Choose interviewing methodology - How you will ask?
4.Create your questionnaire - What you will ask?
5.Pre-test the questionnaire, if practical - Test the questions.
6.Analyze the data - Produce the reports.
Questionnaire
Question Type 1
Dichotomous Questions
When a question has two possible responses, we consider it dichotomous. Surveys often use dichotomous questions that ask for a Yes/No, True/False or Agree/Disagree response. There are a variety of ways to lay these questions out on a questionnaire:
Questions Based on Level Of Measurement
We might ask respondents to rank order their preferences for presidential candidates using an ordinal question:
We want the respondent to put a 1, 2, 3 or 4 next to the candidate, where 1 is the respondent's first choice. Note that this could get confusing. We might want to state the prompt more explicitly so the respondent knows we want a number from one to 4 (the respondent might check their favorite candidate, or assign higher numbers to candidates they prefer more instead of understanding that we want rank ordering).
We can also construct survey questions that attempt to measure on an interval level. One of the most common of these types is the traditional 1-to-5 rating (or 1-to-7, or 1-to-9, etc.). This is sometimes referred to as a Likert response scale (see Likert Scaling). Here, we see how we might ask an opinion question on a 1-to-5 bipolar scale (it's called bipolar because there is a neutral point and the two ends of the scale are at opposite positions of the opinion):
Another interval question uses an approach called the semantic differential. Here, an object is assessed by the respondent on a set of bipolar adjective pairs (using 5-point rating scale):
Finally, we can also get at interval measures by using