Compare Two Theories of Leadership Described in Hanagan's (2002) Chapter on Management Leadership
The business term today is growing rapidly in high competition which requires the good decision of the leaders. That is one kind of significance for the company to compete with other. Leader is the person who performs leadership influencing a group of people to find solutions and overcome obstacles, towards the achievement of the goals. The different leaders have different leadership styles depending on personal characteristics and the kind of tasks. The leaders also respect their subordinates how to deal with them. Leadership is the process which using the authority of leader to encourage and motivate people to willingly participate and act in particular ways to achieve specific goals; it seem that leadership involves in 3 main parts which are people, authority, and responsibility; to succeed the role of leadership, to achieve organization goals. In this essay it aims to compare two typrs of leadership styles which are path-goal leadership (House, 1971, in Hanagan, 2002) and participative leadership (Vroom and Yetton, 1973, in Hanagan, 2002), explaining the foundation/assumption and implications for contributing more understanding to the study of leadership styles. The basis for the foundation of leadership has been described on X and Y theory (Douglas McGregor, 1960, in Hanagen, 2002). This theory elucidates in two opposite attitudes of the leader in both terms involving people and task. The theory X is people need authorial manager controls and directs ways to make them work to achieve certain goals. The leaders in this theory are likely to use their authority or their position to control their subordinates because they assume people dislike to work and they do not want to take any responsibility. The four significances of this theory are control, direction, orders, and security. The leaders are most concentrated on the goals and direct the ways to approach it with their decision-making, as they have no concern for the subordinates’ ideas. However, theory X