Compare and Contrast the Information Processing Approach, the Parallel Distributed Processing Model, the Levels of Processing Model, and the Traditional Three-Stage Memory Model.
Chapter 7, 8, & 9 1. Compare and contrast the Information Processing Approach, the Parallel Distributed Processing Model, the Levels of Processing Model, and the Traditional Three-stage Memory Model.
Information Processing Approach- states that memory is a process, analogous to a computer, where information goes through three basic processes-encoding, storage, and retrieval
Parallel Distributed Processing Model- states memory is distributed across a wide network of interconnected neurons located throughout the brain. When activated this network works simultaneously to process information
Levels of Processing Approach-states memory depends on the degree or depth of mental processing occurring when material is initially encountered. Shallow processing leads to little memory, whereas deeper processing adds meaning and greater memory
Traditional Three-stage Memory Model- states memory requires three different storage boxes or stages to hold and process information for various lengths of time.
All three state that memory goes through stages or processes.
2. Describe the purpose, duration, and capacity of each of the three distinct storage systems in the traditional view of memory.
Sensory memory holds sensory information; ½ sec for visual, 2-4 sec for auditory: large capacity
Short term memory retains perception for analysis; up to 30 seconds or less without rehearsal Long term memory provides relatively permanent storage; relatively permanent; relatively unlimited 3. Identify strategies used to improve long-term memory recall and the importance of retrieval cues.
Organization and elaborative rehearsal; Recognition and recall Pay attention and reduce interference Use rehearsal techniques Organization Counteract serial position effect Time management Use encoding specifically principle Employ self monitoring and overlearning Use mnemonic devices 4. Explain memory in terms of neuronal and synaptic changes,
Information Processing Approach- states that memory is a process, analogous to a computer, where information goes through three basic processes-encoding, storage, and retrieval
Parallel Distributed Processing Model- states memory is distributed across a wide network of interconnected neurons located throughout the brain. When activated this network works simultaneously to process information
Levels of Processing Approach-states memory depends on the degree or depth of mental processing occurring when material is initially encountered. Shallow processing leads to little memory, whereas deeper processing adds meaning and greater memory
Traditional Three-stage Memory Model- states memory requires three different storage boxes or stages to hold and process information for various lengths of time.
All three state that memory goes through stages or processes.
2. Describe the purpose, duration, and capacity of each of the three distinct storage systems in the traditional view of memory.
Sensory memory holds sensory information; ½ sec for visual, 2-4 sec for auditory: large capacity
Short term memory retains perception for analysis; up to 30 seconds or less without rehearsal Long term memory provides relatively permanent storage; relatively permanent; relatively unlimited 3. Identify strategies used to improve long-term memory recall and the importance of retrieval cues.
Organization and elaborative rehearsal; Recognition and recall Pay attention and reduce interference Use rehearsal techniques Organization Counteract serial position effect Time management Use encoding specifically principle Employ self monitoring and overlearning Use mnemonic devices 4. Explain memory in terms of neuronal and synaptic changes,