Chapter15
Dental Implants
Implants - defined
Surgically inserted into bone
Used as “anchors” to support a prosthetic
Replace missing teeth in partially and/or fully edentulous areas
May be single tooth or several teeth prosthetic Potential for ultimate stability for prosthetic
Relies on integration with natural bone/tissues for retention and sustainability
Implants –
Basic Diagrams
Prosthetics
Implants
Implants –
Basic Diagrams
Relies on integration with bone (new bone growth) for support.
“Osseointegratio
n”
There must be a closed interface
(implant to oral tissue) for success.
Types of Implants:
Endosseous – resides partially in bone
Single tooth replacement thru denture support Screw-shaped
Most common type
Types of Implants:
Types of Implants:
Subperiosteal: rests on alveolar ridge, no bone invasion
Less invasive, less stable
Supports denture
Transosteal: placed through the mandible (only)
Attachments reside above ridge
Rarely used
Types of Implants:
Types of Implants:
Implant Materials:
Titanium:
Used as almost pure metal
Corrosion resistant
Strong & lightweight
Great biocompatibility
Implant Materials:
Ceramics:
Most biocompatible
Formation of hydroxyapatite at surface
Potential for chemical bond between bone & implant
Coated Metals:
Combines strength of metal with good interface potential of ceramic
Implant Materials:
Prosthetics & attachments:
Crowns
PFM’s most common
Could be gold, ceramic, composite
Attached by screws or cemented
Dentures
“Traditional” materials - acrylic
Attached by various fasteners: clips,
balls, screws, etc.
Implant Materials:
Placement of Endosseous
Implant
Soft tissue “flap” is laid Premeasured implant (body) placed into bone and covered entirely with soft tissue
Healing: weeks months
Placement of Endosseous
Implant
The soft tissue is removed, exposing the implant, and a
“healing cap” is placed Healing: several weeks Placement of Endosseous
Implant
Implants - defined
Surgically inserted into bone
Used as “anchors” to support a prosthetic
Replace missing teeth in partially and/or fully edentulous areas
May be single tooth or several teeth prosthetic Potential for ultimate stability for prosthetic
Relies on integration with natural bone/tissues for retention and sustainability
Implants –
Basic Diagrams
Prosthetics
Implants
Implants –
Basic Diagrams
Relies on integration with bone (new bone growth) for support.
“Osseointegratio
n”
There must be a closed interface
(implant to oral tissue) for success.
Types of Implants:
Endosseous – resides partially in bone
Single tooth replacement thru denture support Screw-shaped
Most common type
Types of Implants:
Types of Implants:
Subperiosteal: rests on alveolar ridge, no bone invasion
Less invasive, less stable
Supports denture
Transosteal: placed through the mandible (only)
Attachments reside above ridge
Rarely used
Types of Implants:
Types of Implants:
Implant Materials:
Titanium:
Used as almost pure metal
Corrosion resistant
Strong & lightweight
Great biocompatibility
Implant Materials:
Ceramics:
Most biocompatible
Formation of hydroxyapatite at surface
Potential for chemical bond between bone & implant
Coated Metals:
Combines strength of metal with good interface potential of ceramic
Implant Materials:
Prosthetics & attachments:
Crowns
PFM’s most common
Could be gold, ceramic, composite
Attached by screws or cemented
Dentures
“Traditional” materials - acrylic
Attached by various fasteners: clips,
balls, screws, etc.
Implant Materials:
Placement of Endosseous
Implant
Soft tissue “flap” is laid Premeasured implant (body) placed into bone and covered entirely with soft tissue
Healing: weeks months
Placement of Endosseous
Implant
The soft tissue is removed, exposing the implant, and a
“healing cap” is placed Healing: several weeks Placement of Endosseous
Implant