celta language analysis written assignment
LANGUAGE RELATED TASKS
Grammar item 1: …but sooner or later we have to sleep.
Meaning
In this sentence have to sleep is used to express the idea that we are obliged to sleep even if we don’t wish to do so.
CCQs: Is it something we must do? Yes. Can we avoid it? No.
Use of examples: We have to use the safety belt. Children have to attend school by law.
Form
Have to is a non-modal alternative to the modal verb must to talk about obligation.
It is interchangeable with have got to, this last form being more common in spoken and informal British
English.
The structure of the have to form is Subject+ Have+ Infinitive (with to).
The negative form expresses an absence of obligation.
It can be used in questions to express annoyance with someone and with Wh- questions.
Pronunciation
/ˈhæftə/ or /ˈhæv tə/
There is a linking between have and to. Stressed words in sentence marked with
we
have
to
sleep
Anticipated problems and solutions
Problem: Students don’t use the auxiliary verb when forming the negative and interrogative form: Haven’t we have to sleep? We haven’t to sleep.
Solution: First, elicit examples from students and compare the correct form vs. the incorrect one on the board. Later, during correction provide an incorrect example and ask students to correct.
Problem: Students don’t link the words have and to pronouncing them as two independent words and changing it to /ˈhæv/ /tuː /.
Solution: Draw linking on board under the words, mark with fingers one single word, model and drill.
Grammar item 2: If scientists invented a pill which, if you took it, would keep you awake for ever, would you take it?
Meaning
This sentence expresses the speaker’s opinion of the unlikely possibility of an “always awake” pill being invented in the present or in the future and questions our reaction to such an invention.
CCQs: Am I sure the pill will be invented? No. Is it likely it will be invented? No. Could
Grammar item 1: …but sooner or later we have to sleep.
Meaning
In this sentence have to sleep is used to express the idea that we are obliged to sleep even if we don’t wish to do so.
CCQs: Is it something we must do? Yes. Can we avoid it? No.
Use of examples: We have to use the safety belt. Children have to attend school by law.
Form
Have to is a non-modal alternative to the modal verb must to talk about obligation.
It is interchangeable with have got to, this last form being more common in spoken and informal British
English.
The structure of the have to form is Subject+ Have+ Infinitive (with to).
The negative form expresses an absence of obligation.
It can be used in questions to express annoyance with someone and with Wh- questions.
Pronunciation
/ˈhæftə/ or /ˈhæv tə/
There is a linking between have and to. Stressed words in sentence marked with
we
have
to
sleep
Anticipated problems and solutions
Problem: Students don’t use the auxiliary verb when forming the negative and interrogative form: Haven’t we have to sleep? We haven’t to sleep.
Solution: First, elicit examples from students and compare the correct form vs. the incorrect one on the board. Later, during correction provide an incorrect example and ask students to correct.
Problem: Students don’t link the words have and to pronouncing them as two independent words and changing it to /ˈhæv/ /tuː /.
Solution: Draw linking on board under the words, mark with fingers one single word, model and drill.
Grammar item 2: If scientists invented a pill which, if you took it, would keep you awake for ever, would you take it?
Meaning
This sentence expresses the speaker’s opinion of the unlikely possibility of an “always awake” pill being invented in the present or in the future and questions our reaction to such an invention.
CCQs: Am I sure the pill will be invented? No. Is it likely it will be invented? No. Could
Bibliography: Scrivener, Jim (2010) - Teaching English Grammar - Macmillan Parrot, Martin (2010) - Grammar for English Language Teachers - Cambridge University Press Swan, Michael (2012) - Practical English Usage - Oxford University Press Wells, J.C (2012) - English Intonation - Cambridge University Press http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary 4