Biology Review Questions
Principles of Biology I Exam 4 Review Questions
1. What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype? 2. Write the genotype of a homozygous recessive, homozygous dominant, and heterozygous pea plant using the trait flower color (p). 3. Different versions of a gene are called ____________. 4. Why are there always two alleles present for each gene at a specific locus? 5. True or False. A dominant allele is always written with a capital letter, whereas the recessive allele is always written in lower-case. 6. True or False. In a sperm or egg, both of the two alleles on the homologous chromosomes are passed on to offspring. 7. When genes are present on the same chromosome, they are inherited separately/ together …show more content…
How would you label the 4 columns and the 4 rows on a dihybrid Punnett square when a female cat with the genotype RrDd is crossed with a male cat with the genotype RrDD? (R=curly tail, r=straight tail, D=long whiskers, d=short whiskers).
19. Explain why individuals look different than what their genes predetermine them to look like.
20. Define polygenic inheritance.
21. Explain why two parents who both have medium color skin are able to produce offspring with either darker or lighter skin than themselves.
22. What is the name of the pigment that produces darker skin color?
23. Define pleiotropy.
24. Explain what the alleles A, B, and o (of the blood group system) code for.
25. List the possible genotypes for blood type A, B, AB and O.
26. Which blood type(s) can a person with type A receive in a blood transfusion? A person with B blood type? A person with AB blood type? A person with O blood type?
27. What happens to the blood cells of type A if they are transfused to a person with blood type O? Which antibodies are involved?
28. Which blood type is the universal donor? Why can this blood type be given to all the other blood types in a blood …show more content…
A woman with blood type AB is married to a man with blood type B. She has an affair with another man who has blood type O. She becomes pregnant and has a child with blood type B. Is it possible to tell from the child’s blood type who is the father? If it is not possible, explain why. If it is possible to tell, which of the men is the father?
30. Draw a Punnett square to determine all the possible blood types of the children from a woman with blood type O mating with a man who has blood type AB.
31. What are the possible genotype(s) of individuals who actually show symptoms of a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele?
32. What are the possible genotype(s) of individuals who actually show symptoms of a genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele?
33. Individuals who have the heterozygous genotype for a recessive disorder are called _____________.
34. Decide if each of the following genetic disorders is caused by a dominant or recessive allele, and state which ones are sex-linked: A) Hemophilia B) cystic fibrosis C) achondroplasia D) Color blindness E) Huntington B) disease F) Neurofibromatosis G) sickle cell disease H) Duchenne muscular dystrophy I) albinism J)
1. What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype? 2. Write the genotype of a homozygous recessive, homozygous dominant, and heterozygous pea plant using the trait flower color (p). 3. Different versions of a gene are called ____________. 4. Why are there always two alleles present for each gene at a specific locus? 5. True or False. A dominant allele is always written with a capital letter, whereas the recessive allele is always written in lower-case. 6. True or False. In a sperm or egg, both of the two alleles on the homologous chromosomes are passed on to offspring. 7. When genes are present on the same chromosome, they are inherited separately/ together …show more content…
How would you label the 4 columns and the 4 rows on a dihybrid Punnett square when a female cat with the genotype RrDd is crossed with a male cat with the genotype RrDD? (R=curly tail, r=straight tail, D=long whiskers, d=short whiskers).
19. Explain why individuals look different than what their genes predetermine them to look like.
20. Define polygenic inheritance.
21. Explain why two parents who both have medium color skin are able to produce offspring with either darker or lighter skin than themselves.
22. What is the name of the pigment that produces darker skin color?
23. Define pleiotropy.
24. Explain what the alleles A, B, and o (of the blood group system) code for.
25. List the possible genotypes for blood type A, B, AB and O.
26. Which blood type(s) can a person with type A receive in a blood transfusion? A person with B blood type? A person with AB blood type? A person with O blood type?
27. What happens to the blood cells of type A if they are transfused to a person with blood type O? Which antibodies are involved?
28. Which blood type is the universal donor? Why can this blood type be given to all the other blood types in a blood …show more content…
A woman with blood type AB is married to a man with blood type B. She has an affair with another man who has blood type O. She becomes pregnant and has a child with blood type B. Is it possible to tell from the child’s blood type who is the father? If it is not possible, explain why. If it is possible to tell, which of the men is the father?
30. Draw a Punnett square to determine all the possible blood types of the children from a woman with blood type O mating with a man who has blood type AB.
31. What are the possible genotype(s) of individuals who actually show symptoms of a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele?
32. What are the possible genotype(s) of individuals who actually show symptoms of a genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele?
33. Individuals who have the heterozygous genotype for a recessive disorder are called _____________.
34. Decide if each of the following genetic disorders is caused by a dominant or recessive allele, and state which ones are sex-linked: A) Hemophilia B) cystic fibrosis C) achondroplasia D) Color blindness E) Huntington B) disease F) Neurofibromatosis G) sickle cell disease H) Duchenne muscular dystrophy I) albinism J)