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Age, Rate and Eventual Attainment in Second Language Acquisition

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Age, Rate and Eventual Attainment in Second Language Acquisition
Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Inc. (TESOL)

Age, Rate and Eventual Attainment in Second Language Acquisition Author(s): Stephen D. Krashen, Michael A. Long and Robin C. Scarcella Reviewed work(s): Source: TESOL Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 4 (Dec., 1979), pp. 573-582 Published by: Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Inc. (TESOL) Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3586451 . Accessed: 09/01/2013 08:48
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TESOL QUARTERLY Vol. 13, No. 4 1979 December

Attainment Second in Age,Rate and Eventual LanguageAcquisition*
MichaelA. Long,and RobinC. Scarcella StephenD. Krashen, This paper presents evidencefor three generalizations the concerning betweenage, rate,and eventualattainment second language in relationship acquisition: and (1) Adultsproceedthrough earlystagesof syntactic morphological thanchildren faster are (wheretimeand exposure held development constant). thanyounger children (2) Older children acquirefaster (again, in early and wheretimeand stagesof morphological syntactic development are exposure held constant). who begin naturalexposure second languagesduring to (3) Acquirers childhood achievehigher secondlanguageproficiency than generally thosebeginning



References: and R. Garcia. 1969. The optimal to learna foreign Asher, J. age language.Modern 8: LanguageJournal 334-341. of Asher, and B. Price. 1969. The learning J. strategy totalphysical response:Some Child 38: age differences. Development 1219-1227. and Psychological Interactions. Research.School of EducaDept. of Educational tion,Malmo,Sweden.66. like the first? TESOL Quarterly S. Ervin-Tripp, 1974. Is second languagelearning 8, 2: 111-127.

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