different factors that can affect urine including volume‚ urine concentration‚ and pH levels. Factors that affect urine volume are fluid intake and reabsorption‚ which affects the amount of urine released. Urine concentration is measured by the concentration of dissolved solids present in a person’s urine‚ which is affected by water intake levels as well as diet (the amount of sodium in person’s diet). The pH scale has a range of normal‚ acidic‚ or basic. Acidic urine occurs when the pH scale is low
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proliferation of the uterine lining. (Kelley‚ 2007) In the office we saw a 62 year old woman who was complaining of vaginal irritation and pressure. She has some stress incontinence with running. She was not sure if she had a UTI at the time but her urine was normal. Upon pelvic exam‚ she had a urethral caruncle and obvious vaginal atrophy. Ellen Goodwater‚ the NP that saw the patient has a lot of knowledge on this topic. She does bladder evaluations and pessarys in the office. She does a microscopic
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Effectiveness of Four Common Techniques Used to Treat Nocturnal Enuresis Nocturnal enuresis is a common childhood disorder‚ but can be a potentially distressing experience for children and parents alike. It has been defined as an “involuntary voiding of urine during sleep‚ with severity of at least twice a week‚ in children over 5 years of age‚ when not provoked by congenital or acquired defects of the central nervous system or by the direct physiological effect of substances such as a diuretic” (American
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of Urinary System The urinary system consists of the kidneys‚ ureters‚ urinary bladder‚ and urethra. The kidneys filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urine. The ureters‚ urinary bladder‚ and urethra together form the urinary tract‚ which acts as a plumbing system to drain urine from the kidneys‚ store it‚ and then release it during urination. Besides filtering and eliminating wastes from the body‚ the urinary system also maintains the homeostasis of water‚ ions‚ pH‚ blood pressure‚ calcium
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that maintains the internal environment of the body by selectively excreting or retaining various substances according to specific body needs. The process of urine formation and adjustment of blood composition involves three processes: glomerular filtration‚ tubular reabsorption‚ and tubular secretion. The first part of the process of urine formation occurs in the glomeruli which act as filters‚ allowing water‚ glucose‚ salt and waste materials to pass through to the Bowman’s capsule but preventing
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tenderness‚ or intense pain in the bladder and pelvic area. Symptoms may include an urgent need to urinate (urgency)‚ a frequent need to urinate (frequency)‚ or a combination of these symptoms. Pain may change in intensity as the bladder fills with urine or as it empties. Women ’s symptoms often get worse during menstruation. They may sometimes experience pain with vaginal intercourse. (Moldwin‚ 12) Because IC varies so much in symptoms and severity‚ most researchers believe that it is not one‚ but
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Cystitis means inflammation of the bladder. The cystitis is usually caused by the urine infection. Typical symptoms are very painful when you pass your urine‚ and passing urine is very frequently. You may also have some pain in your lower stomach (abdomen)‚ blood in your urine and also in your high temperature (fever). Your urine might also become cloudy and might become smelly. Most urine infections are very due to germs (bacteria) that may come from your own bowel movement. Some bacteria be lying
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Introduction The process of urination is vital to the body for the removal of certain waste products. Normally‚ when the bladder gets full‚ urine is emptied from the body through the urethra in a process called urination. In urinary retention‚ a person’s bladder fills up and there is an urge to urinate but he is unable to completely empty his bladder. With chronic urinary retention‚ a person may be able to urinate‚ but he has some trouble starting a stream or emptying your bladder completely.
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glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate if you decrease the radius of the efferent arteriole? Your answer : d. Pressure will increase and filtration rate will decrease. Stop & Think Questions: Caffeine consumption leads to increased urine formation. From the results in this experiment thus far‚ you might propose that You correctly answered: d. caffeine dilates the afferent arteriole. When you are in the desert and dehydrating‚ which of the following arteriole combinations would benefit
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should be encouraged before and after catheter care. Cleaning the catheter near the meatus should be done with warm soap and water and not with antiseptics because this practice is not no evidence based and causes more discomfort for the patient. Urine output should be documented hourly along with the patients intake to make sure the patient is taking in enough fluids as well as putting out at least 30 mL per hour‚ otherwise there may be an issue with the catheter or the patient themselves. Proper
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