Chapter 4 Reading Questions: Why is so little known about the Harappan society? What is it that we do know about the nature of that society? Because the earliest Harappan remains are below the water table‚ archaeologists can’t research them. Also the Harappans used an elaborate pictographic system that has not yet been able to be deciphered. We do however‚ that it had city walls‚ a fortified citadel‚ and a large granary-Harappa and Mohenjo-daro represented an investment of human labor and established
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HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Roots of Indian Culture in Sindhu Saraswati Civilisation The Saraswati Civilisation A fresh study by a group of international scientists peesh confirms the dominant role of Saraswati river in sustaining the so-called Indus Valley Civilisation. [28] A new study titled‚ ‘Fluvial landscapes of the Harappan civilisation’‚ has concluded that the Indus Valley Civilisation died out because the monsoons which fed the rivers that supported the civilisation‚ migrated
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definitely the most widely-read‚ ethical text of ancient India. As an episode in India’s great epic‚ the Mahabharata‚ The Bhagavad Gita now ranks as one of the three principal texts that define and capture the essence of Hinduism; the other two being the Upanishads and the Brahma Sutras. Though this work contains much theology‚ its kernel is ethical and its teaching is set in the context of an ethical problem. The teaching of The Bhagavad Gita is summed up in the maxim "your business is with the deed and not
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During this period the Upanishads were composed. The term Upanishad means sitting near’ and the purpose of them is to gain a form of knowledge that allows the individual to escape the cycle of rebirths. The Upanishads represent the beginnings of philosophy in India and are the last stage of interpretation of the Vedas. There are twelve classic Upanishads and these contain parables and anecdotes‚ dense philosophical argumentation‚ dialogues
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The development‚ spread‚ and impact of Hinduism on India politically and idealistically is similar to the development‚ spread and impact of Christianity on Western Europe because politically‚ both religions were supported by their rulers and emperors; and idealistically because both Hinduism and Christianity share similar philosophies and beginnings which influenced major religious ideas and understandings. However‚ Hinduism in India and Christianity in Western Europe differed greatly on a social
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This is evidenced in scriptures such as “in the beginning God created the heavens and the earth” (Genesis 1:1) and “in him we live and move and have our being” (Acts 17:28). For Hindus‚ Brahman is viewed in quite a similar manner. The Katha Upanishad tells us that “the whole universe came forth from Brahman and moves in Brahman... in Brahman it lives and has its being.” Obvious similarities can be seen between the two religions view of creation from these passages (BibleGateway‚ Krishnananda
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Hinduism is a vast and profound religion. Some of the sacred elements that characterize Hindu religious traditions are the Hindu scriptures‚ the Vedas‚ the Upanishads‚ and the main deities. One of the most important beliefs in Hinduism is acceptance. They have scriptures‚ mythologies that deal with many elements of life which are considered unacceptable. For example‚ Gita (considered to be main scripture which tells way of Hindu life‚ its duties) has story about Dropadi who is married to 5 brothers
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civilizations such as the Greeks or areas in the Middle East and Africa. Either way‚ the Indian’s were very influential. The Upanishads were one hundred eight philosophical texts that reflected old wisdom. These were passed down generations orally. Schopenhauer‚ a European philosopher‚ even said‚ “there is no study as beneficial and as elevating as the Upanishads.” Besides the Upanishads‚ the Indian philosophy has three central tenets of the Indian way of thinking: assimilation‚ belief in cycles‚ and acceptance
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along the shores of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. The driving force behind such a movement was primarily ………………………… 7 Plato’s beliefs were………………………… 8 Among the principle of Jainist ethics‚ the most important was ……………………………………… 9 The Upanishads can be characterized as A) The spiritual longing of the Aryans B) The blending of Aryan and Dravidian values C) The further development of the religious tradition of the Dravidians D) A how-to book of religious ritual E) None of the above
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Reincarnation in Hinduism I. Introduction Before discussing the Hindu theory of reincarnation‚ let us clarify the meanings of Hinduism and reincarnation. Hinduism is the predominant religion in the Indian region. It is the third greatest religion by number of followers after Christianity and Islam and is considered as the oldest one. Moreover‚ it can be described a patchwork of moral and philosophical teachings rather than a religion with fixed morals and dogmas; for instance‚ Hindus can be
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