Question: Contracting theory‚ which forms part of the second wave in the positive theory of accounting‚ focuses among other things on agency theory. What is agency theory? Elaborate the components of agency costs as described by Jensen & Meckling (1976). Answer: Agency theory is based upon the more general contracting theory that the most cost effective form of organizing economic activity is through a firm based structure. Jensen & Meckling describe agency theory is a contract under one
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1. ‘An agency relationship exists when one or more individuals (called principals) hire others (called agents) in order to delegate responsibilities to them’ (Baiman (1990: 342)) Agency relationships are administrated by implicit or explicit contracts between agents and principals. The assumption of agents’ self – interest which contradicts with the principals’ interest is the basis of the agency problem. According to Alawattage and Wickramasinghe‚ agency theory suggests two fundamental reasons
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Agency Theory Agency theory is widely used in different companies‚ businesses and organizations Agency Theory is basically about the association between the boss‚ which is the Principal‚ and the worker‚ which is the Agent. A good example for an application of the Agency Theory would be sharecropping‚ where the Principal is the landowner and the Agent is the farmer. Another example for the Agency Theory in a more familiar organizational structure would be the relationship between a company’s shareholders
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Ownership structure of CSEOwnership structure The Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) has a mutual ownership structure and is organized in the form of a company limited by guarantee and incorporated under the Companies Act 1994 and licensed by the Securities and Exchange Commission of Bangladesh to operate as a Stock Exchange in Bangladesh. It functions as a not-for-profit organization. The Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) began its journey in 10th October of 1995 from Chittagong City. 2.5.2 Mission
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Introduction Gist of major theories on capital structure: By way of a conventional start‚ perhaps it would be worth our while to look at what "capital structure" actually means. In broad terms‚ it is essentially the firms ’ mix of debt and equity but it would be wrong to assume that this is all there is to it. These two terms belie the complexity that lies beneath‚ from the viewpoint of the decisions that any firm must take - that is to say‚ what kind of debt and which type of equity. Capital
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Definition of ’Agency Theory’ A supposition that explains the relationship between principals and agents in business. Agency theory is concerned with resolving problems that can exist in agency relationships; that is‚ between principals (such as shareholders) and agents of the principals (for example‚ company executives). The two problems that agency theory addresses are: 1.) the problems that arise when the desires or goals of the principal and agent are in conflict‚ and the principal is unable
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MANAGERIAL AND COST ACCOUNTING LARRY M. WALTHER & CHRISTOPHER J. SKOUSEN DOWNLOAD FREE TEXT BOOKS AT BOOKBOON.COM Managerial and Cost Accounting © 2009 Larry M. Walther‚ under nonexclusive license to Christopher J. Skousen & Ventus Publishing ApS. All material in this publication is copyrighted‚ and the exclusive property of Larry M. Walther or his licensors (all rights reserved). ISBN 978-87-7681-491-5 Download free books at BookBooN.com 2 Managerial and Cost Accounting
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Agency Costs and Corporate Governance I Introduction Before analysing problems that occur when institutional ownership and control are separated‚ it should be outlined why institutions exist at all. Therefore‚ chapter two examines why organizations occur in economy. Chapter three addresses the agency problem‚ based on this organization. Chapter four addresses the common ways to solve the agency problem and chapter five gives a comparison over the three most important corporate governance systems
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The Theory of the Firm The firm’s goal is to maximize profits‚ !. In order to do this it must decide what quantity of a good to produce given costs‚ technology and demand. A competitive firm is assumed to be able to sell as much as it wants at the market price without affecting price. So it takes price as exogenous (beyond it’s control) and does not worry about demand. In addition‚ for our purpose we’ll assume the firm operates efficiently‚ that is‚ whatever the level of production that the firm
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STRATEGY AND STRUCTURE  Top managers perceptions of the market structure and firms strengths and weaknesses determine their choice of corporate strategy and organisational structure  Both corporate strategy and organisational structure influence the economic performance of the firm and the market in which it sells  One of the main goals for strategy implementation is to achieve synergy between functions and business units (Hunger and Wheelen) Organisational Structure 
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