Cells‚ Cell Division‚ and Cell Specialization Fundamentally Different Types of Cell Prokaryotic Cell- single celled: only DNA+ structure (“before nucleus”) E.g. zygote-complete DNA Eukaryotic Cell-multi-celled (“after nucleus”) Prokaryotes Eukaryotes DNA In “nucleoid” region Within membrane-bound nucleus Chromosomes Single‚ circular Multiple‚ linear Organelles None Membrane-bound organelles Size Usually smaller Usually larger- 50 times Organization Usually single-celled Often multicellular
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to certain defense mechanisms in order control their feelings of stress or insecurity‚ such as resorting to drugs. Nonetheless many people don’t know how dangerous it can be on their bodies. The use of drugs can have a huge impact on the communication between cells. Cell communication is a crucial process necessary for cells to carry out various functions. Drugs such as Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)‚ known as ecstasy‚ can create barriers or confusion to cells. Cell to cell communication carry
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8.1.1 The Eukaryotic cell cycle 1. If a cell is in a state in which it no longer divides then the cell is probably arrested at which stage of the cell cycle? A) G1 2. Interphase of the cell cycle lasts longer than mitosis? A) TRUE - A cell spends about 90% of its life in interphase of the cell cycle‚ while it spends only about 10% of its life in M phase. 3. When does DNA replication occur in the cell cycle? A) Interphase 4. Which statement about the cell cycle is incorrect? C) In G2
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the simplest or chemical level and culminating with the highest level-the whole organism Chemical level – atoms (and their parts)‚ and combinations of atoms called molecures Cellular level – cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. Tissue level – tissue are groups of similar cells (and their intercellular material)‚ which work together toward a specific function. Examples include blood‚ muscle‚ nerves‚ ets mostly a common embryo group. Organ level – a structure composed
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IN OUR SURROUNDINGS ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN A WORD OR A SENTENCE: 1.State the common characteristic of liquid and gas. 2.Equal amounts of a solid and a liquid are taken. Which of these will be denser? Why? 3.A substance has a definite volume but no definite shape. Identify which state of matter will be this substance. 4.What is evaporation? 5.The melting point of an element is 1535k.What would be its physical state at 335k? ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN
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Plan:- Independent Variable- Temperature is what I will be changing in the experiment. I want to find out what effect temperature has on the permeability of a cell membrane. Controlling other Variables- I will use measures to ensure that everything stays the same in my test to gain the best and most reliable results possible - Same volume of water that I put the beetroot into after heating. - The beetroot I use will be the same size each time‚ I will ensure this using a cork borer. - The beetroot
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Cell Respiration Respiration is the process by which organisms burn food to produce energy. The starting material of cellular respiration is the sugar glucose‚ which has energy stored in its chemical bonds. You can think of glucose as a kind of cellular piece of coal: chock-full of energy‚ but useless when you want to power a stereo. Just as burning coal produces heat and energy in the form of electricity‚ the chemical processes of respiration convert the energy in glucose into usable form. Adenosine
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a.1 Eukaryotic Cell vs Prokaryotic Cell All cells can be classfied into prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotes were the only form of life on Earth for millions of years until more complicated eukaryotic cells came into being through the process of evolution. Comparison chart All attributes Differences Similarities | Eukaryotic Cell | Prokaryotic Cell | Nucleus: | Present | Absent | Number of chromosomes: | More than one | One--but not true chromosome: Plasmids | Cell Type: | Multicellular
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STANDARD GRADE BIOLOGY CREDIT LEVEL REVISION QUESTIONS INVESTIGATING CELLS 1. In an investigation‚ three 25 g samples of sultanas were put into separate beakers of distilled water‚ as shown below: After 24 hours‚ the sultanas were removed from the water‚ blotted on filter paper and reweighed. The results are shown in the table: |Sample |Mass after 24 hrs (g) |Percentage change in mass | |1
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this investigation I will be measuring the effects of temperature on the membrane permeability of beetroot. I will be measuring the amount of anthocyanin that will diffuse out of the beetroot. The way in which I will measure the anthocyanin is to check the light absorbency of the solution using a colorimeter. The higher the reading on colorimeter the more anthocyanin present in the solution To find out the permeability of the beetroot membrane I will firstly cut out cylinders of beetroot using a cork
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