There are two types of skin: thick skin and thin skin. Thick skin is a type of skin that covers body parts prone to trauma and abrasions i.e. palms‚ fingers‚ sole. Thin skin‚ on the other hand‚ covers the rest of our body. The two types of skin share a lot of characteristics‚ but they also have differences which warrant a different classification. They are similar in that both are composed of 3 major layers: the epidermis‚ the dermis‚ and the hypodermis. The epidermis is where the epithelial cells
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biologically active molecules called hormones directly into the blood. The blood carries the hormones to target organs that respond in a specific fashion to them. Many endocrine glands are discrete organs whose primary functions are the production and secretion of hormones. The main endocrine glands include the pituitary gland‚ pancreas‚ ovaries‚ testes‚ thyroid gland‚ and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus is a neuroendocrine organ. Other organs which are not so well known for their endocrine activity include
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produce a response. Some hormones bind to receptors on the surface of the cell membrane‚ producing permeability changes or production of a substance inside the cell. Other hormones diffuse into the cell and cause new proteins to be produced. The secretion of hormones is controlled by negative-feedback mechanisms. The major endocrine glands are the pituitary‚ thyroid‚ parathyroids‚ adrenal glands‚ pancreas‚ testes‚ ovaries‚ thymus‚ and pineal body. CONTENT LEARNING ACTIVITY Chemical Signals
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Epithelia: Function in protection‚ absorption and secretion. Consist of closely packed cells with specialized contacts Have an Apical (free) Surface and a Basal lamina Innervated but avascular: nutrients must come from underlying tissues. Capable of Regeneration (high rate of mitosis) B. Specializations of Epithelia: -Cilia: Aid in movement of extracellular material -Microvilli: Increased surface area to increase absorption/secretion C. Classification: Classified by shape/arrangement
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| 1. Ineffective airway clearance related to excessive thick mucous secretions. AEB: The patient’s inability to cough up and remove secretions. Also by the adventitious rhonchi lung sounds present. | 1. The patient will maintain a patent airway AEB clear lung sounds for 48 hours. | 1. Assess respiratory rate‚ depth‚ rhythm‚ effort‚ and breath sounds Q4H and PRN.2a. Suction Q4H and PRN. Note color and consistency of secretion. b. Administrator NEB as ordered. c. Position the HOB at 30 degrees.3
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(the synaptic cleft) and bind to receptors on the target cell. The nervous system conducts signals much quicker than the endocrine system. Endocrine Vs Exocrine glands Endocrine glands do not have ducts. Exocrine glands have ducts that carry their secretions to specific locations. Two Kinds of Hormones Peptide Hormones Peptide hormones are composed of amino acids. A peptide hormone binds to a cell-surface receptor‚ it does not enter the cell. The resulting complex activates an enzyme that catalyzes
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BIOS256 Week 4 Lab: #10 Influence of Fluid Intake on Urine Formation Laboratory Report Activity 10: Influence of Fluid Intake on Urine Formation PREDICTIONS 1. Urine output will be highest during: water loading 2. Urine osmolality will be lowest during: dehydration 3. Plasma osmolality: increases with dehydration METHODS AND MATERIALS 1. Dependent variable: urine and plasma values 2. Independent variable: fluid intake 3. Controlled variables: age‚ gender‚ and weight;
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epithelial‚ connective The skin protection against outside substances‚ keeps bacteria out‚ secretion. epithelial‚ connective mucous Lining of the digestive‚ Secretion‚ respiratory. absorption‚ secretion‚ciliated serous epithelial‚ connective Lining of closed ventral cavitiesecretion decreases friction-serous flui s synovial connective lining of joint cavities secretion decreases friction- synovial fl 2. Respond to the following statements by choosing an answer
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that is protein free. 4. Regulate filtrate formation to maintain body fluid volume‚ electrolyte composition‚ and pH within limits. URINE FORMATION 1. Glomerular Filtration 2. Tubular Reabsorption 3. Tubular Secretion 4. Excretion GLOMERULAR FILTRATION ž This is the movement of fluid and solutes out of the glomerulus‚ across the glomerular capillary membrane‚ and into Bowman’s capsule. ž The filtrate that is formed here should NOT
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bronchi and may cause dyspnea‚ static secretions and infections. Bronchospasm can sometimes be detected by stethoscope when wheezing or diminished breath sounds are heard. Increase mucous production along with decrease mucous ciliary’s action‚ contributes to further reduction in the caliber of the bronchi and results in decrease air flow and decrease gas exchange. Ineffective breathing pattern related to presence of tracheo-bronchial secretions and nasal secretions Alteration on the client’s O2:CO2 ratio
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