Excerpts from Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics – Book II W. D. Ross translation Book II 1 Virtue‚ then‚ being of two kinds‚ intellectual and moral‚ intellectual virtue in the main owes both its birth and its growth to teaching (for which reason it requires experience and time)‚ while moral virtue comes about as a result of habit‚ whence also its name (ethike) is one that is formed by a slight variation from the word ethos (habit). From this it is also plain that none of the moral virtues
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Ethical Theory Summary This is an outline and summary of three of the most prominent ethical theories in the history of philosophy. (Note that all three of these represent different ethical absolutist/universalist theories. A view known as ethical relativism follows these.) Please take this as a sketch that invites you to investigate these ethical theories further. After each brief sketch‚ I will provide some web links that will be helpful to read. Virtue Ethics (especially Aristotle)
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Heather Muse April 26‚ 2013 Aristotle Essay Is Happiness Achievable? Aristotle states there are several goods in the world but most of these are not ultimate ends; instead they are means to something else. However‚ he declares happiness is the ultimate good because everything we do‚ we do in hopes of being happy and we don’t use happiness as a means to achieve another thing. He also states there are rules to be followed and maintained in order to accurately judge someone or something as being
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Dialogue between Plato and Aristotle Gregory Rodriguez 11/2/14 POL/105 Introduction to Philosophy Laura Templeman Dialogue between Plato and Aristotle As the students gather in the auditorium of Plato’s Academy‚ the first thing that we all can notice is the two professors that were standing at the front of the room. After they realized all the students were seated‚ that is when the first professor took a few steps forward and addressed the class. Plato: Good Morning Students! Students:
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Investigating The Causal Natures of Chance and Spontaneity. After introducing the principle causes (efficient‚ formal‚ material‚ final)‚ Aristotle talks about chance and spontaneity in Book II‚ (Physics) for the purpose of investigating their place among the said causes. Aristotle bases his enquiry on the observation that in history‚ these terms are conflictive in their interpretation. Some people say that everything that we consider luck or spontaneity really has some underlying definite cause
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advances over the many years man has populated the earth there would not be the democratic system that we call a society. Without the conveniences of modern luxuries we would have an entirely different stature of limitations than we perceive there to be. Kant claims in his second thesis that nature intended us to achieve great things; that man becomes powerful because nature pushed us to apply all of our capacity to rise above instinct and nature and begin to learn how to provide for ourselves. Rousseau
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Rios Professor Seltzer Intro. To Ethics 22 October 2015 Aristotle vs. Aquinas There are multiple philosophers who have expressed their views on how a person should live his/her life. Despite the agreeance that god is the highest power‚ the conflicting views between philosophers is how a life of virtue should be lived. People containing different perspectives on life‚ distinguishing what is truly good from bad is extremely difficult. Aristotle was not religious‚ did not think god was compassionate
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Lastly‚ one of the many well-known philosophers in history‚ is Aristotle (384 BC - 322 BC)‚ who believed in more of a natural institution. Aristotle was heavily influenced by Plato‚ but disagreed with some aspects of his philosophy. However‚ Aristotle agreed with Plato’s theory‚ in which humans are political animals‚ but what sets humans different from animals‚ is that humans can reason. Hence‚ this forces people to live according to their reason rather than their passions. The downside of this ideology
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The minds of Socrates‚ Plato and Aristotle SOCRATES‚ one of those who sought to develop a more consistent and purer concept of god‚ but he paid the price of a pioneer in that the masses misunderstood him. He was considered as the destroyer of the gods of the Greeks. He maintained that the centrality of the real essence of man and individual is not only its acceptance of the different gods but the real understanding of one’s relationship with others in a rational manner. This implies a rational
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Thomas Hobbes Vs. Immanuel Kant PART 1: Thomas Hobbes “Everyone is governed by his own reason‚ and there is nothing he can make use of that may not be a help unto him in preserving his life against his enemies (Hobbes‚ 120).” Thomas Hobbes‚ who is a considered a rational egoist‚ makes this point in his book Leviathan. Hobbes believes that the means of person’s actions can only be amounted to how it ultimately affects that person. Our moral duties that we perform in the end‚ all stem from self-interest
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