Referencing - The Harvard System Department of Lifelong Learning: Study Skills Series Referencing - The Harvard System (Download pdf version) Introduction As a student‚ it is important that you identify in your assessment when you are using the words or ideas of another author. The most accepted way of acknowledging the work of another author is to use a referencing system. At the Department of Lifelong Learning you are required to use the Harvard referencing system. The following guide tells
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some rules to dialogue‚ however‚ that you want to make sure you know. Dialogue Rules (taken from http://www5.semo.edu/english/taweb/content/dialogue_rules.htm) RULE #1: A direct quotation begins with a capital letter. Jimmy shouted‚ “See you at the game!” “Is it true?" asked Cindy. RULE #2: When a quotation is interrupted into two parts with words like “he asked” or “the teacher demanded‚” the second part begins with a lower case letter. “What are some of the things‚” Mrs. Baskin inquired
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HOW TO WRITE A LITERARY ESSAY SUGGESTED LENGTH: 600 WORDS THE TITLE should be specific. You should identify a particular problem in the literary text you’ve chosen to write about. Acceptable: The Role of the Narrator in Henry Fielding’s Joseph Andrews; Family Politics in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice Unacceptable: Jane Eyre; Shakespeare’s Sonnets; William Blake’s Songs of Experience (ii) PRESENTATION The essay should open with a clear introduction
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Sections and section headings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quotations Citing the work of others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 7 8 9 9 3 Conclusion 16 List of Tables 1 Example of a Table . . . .
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citations and quotations. Source Citations Per APA guidelines‚ all sources must be cited on the Works Cited page‚ located at the end of the paper. Within the body of the paper‚ a pointer containing the author’s last name‚ publication year‚ and page number within parentheses (Erickson‚ 2006‚ p. 34) indicates the cited text. The author’s last name and publication year corresponds with the entry on the References page‚ allowing readers to look up the source of the citation. Quotations Guidelines
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BETTINA JOYCE P. ILAGAN Department of Languages and Mass Communication College of Arts and Sciences Cavite State University Building up your RRL Why do a literature review? bjpilagan2013 provides information useful for developing other parts of your study like research design‚ framework‚ definitions‚ methods for data gathering‚ data analysis and interpretation leads you to the theoretical and conceptual frameworks of your study • provides basis for identifying relevant variables • helps
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i Pr nciPles o f x H a rva r d referencing x x WHaT is referencing? x WHaT is PlagiarisM x PrinciPles of aUTHor/daTe referencing x WaYs of ciTing x ParaPHrasing x QUoTaTions x difference BeTWeen reference lisT & BiBliograPHY x reference lisT feaTUres x aPPlicaTions x WHaT is referencing? When you write an assignment at university‚ you are required to refer to the work of other authors. Each time you do so‚ it is necessary to identify their work by making reference to it both in
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summary the "general idea in brief form"; it’s the distillation‚ condensation‚ or reduction of a larger work into its primary notions. Paraphrasing is a restatement of the meaning of a text or passage using other words. Direct quotation A direct quotation is one in which you copy an author’s words directly from the text and use that exact wording in your essay. WAYS: When you summarize‚ you provide your readers with a condensed version of an author’s key points. A summary can be as short
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Your language should sound appropriate to the task (e.g. if it is a newspaper report‚ the parts which are not quotations should sound fairly formal/not too chatty). ● Question 2 ○ Answer a) and b)!!! ○ Bullet points are fine BUT make sure to write your explanation after each quotation in full sentences ○ Three quotations is enough to get into the topband (910/10) if you explain them well. ○ Choose short quotations (individual words/short phrases). ○ The best answers talk about WHY the author chooses particular words—avoid
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Page numbers should be included when there is a need to be more specific‚ for example when making a direct quotation: eg As Kelvin stated (1968‚ p.100) ‘the value of…’ If referencing a secondary source (a document which you have not seen but which is quoted in one of your references) the two items must be linked with the term ‘cited in’: eg …economic development (Jones‚ 2000) cited in Walker (2001). NB (1) Whenever possible‚ try to read the original source;
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